Special education teachers (N=123) rank ordered a list of functional skills associated with two-year-olds. The factor-analyzed results revealed a classification of four types of children in greatest need of early childhood special education placement: children environmentally at risk, lacking gross-motor skills, lacking readiness and fine-motor…

Discusses reasons for establishing a school archive and provides guidelines for its organization and development. Topics covered include the writing and approval of a policy statement, material selection, the organization of records, and preservation of materials. Examples of a policy statement and an accessioning work sheet are provided. (5…

Three experiments examined the exclusivity of perpetually defined categorical representations for animal categories in infants. Results indicated that infants have the capacity for making distinctions among high similar natural kinds but that such find distinctions cannot be made without appropriate exemplars. (SW)

Three studies involving 16 college students explored cognitive processes reflected by reaction time (RT) and movement time (MT). The hypothesis that correlations of RT and MT with measures of intelligence are due to effects on a common stage of information processing cannot be rejected on the basis of study findings. (SLD)

Examined the effects of a 10-week art appreciation curriculum on 17 preschool children's levels of self-esteem, art involvement, and art appreciation. Pre- and postintervention tests demonstrated that, as a result of the curriculum, the children's self-esteem increased and that they displayed greater interest and knowledge of art. (MDM)

Preschool, kindergarten, and first-grade Brazilian children who performed well on an easy rhyme-categorization task were given a second such task that seemed to require some analytical ability to perform successfully. Results suggest that children's rhyme detection does not involve attention to word segments but a sensitivity to some sort of…

Contrary to the basic-level restraint hypothesis, which suggests that young children learn basic-level words more easily than specific-level words, these five studies show that although other constraints on word meaning may be in place, children are flexible in interpreting new words at different hierarchical levels. (MDM)

Involves 321 preservice elementary teacher education students in a study designed to investigate their intuitive scientific ideas and understandings. Results reveal that the majority of subjects, with the exception of a high proportion of those who has a successful high school background in physics and chemistry, have misunderstandings regarding…

Two experiments investigated whether preschoolers attend to appearance instead of taxonomic relations in sorting sets of objects with conflicting appearances and taxonomic relations. Found that training and instructions have a significant effect on children's preference for sorting according to taxonomic relations or appearance, and that both…

The identifying features of nonverbal learning disabilities (NLD) were evaluated with 29 NLD children, 27 children with reading and spelling disabilities, and 27 nonclinical children. Four tests were found which accurately discriminated the NLD group from the others. Deficits in visual-perceptual-organizational psychomotor coordination and complex…

The revised college and university classification system of the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching reflects health and expansion in higher education, with net growth in number of institutions listed. The greatest numerical increase was in two-year colleges, the greatest percentage increase in one research university category. Over…

The role of context in categorization was examined in four experiments with three month olds. Findings demonstrated that categorization of a novel object is influenced by the context present when the object is initially encountered and by previous encounters with that object in the category context, indicating that infants are capable of…

A survey of library school cataloging educators and practitioners indicated that entry-level catalogers may not be sufficiently prepared for their first professional positions, and supported expanded graduate programs and advanced courses and practicums that utilize practitioners for instruction. Tables display survey responses in rank order. (JKP)

Provides a survey of the second language literature on the role of formulaic language, focusing on communicative, production, and learning strategy functions of such language. The need to address the theoretical and methodological difficulties surrounding the definition and identification of formulaic language is discussed. (105 references) (MDM)

An optimal unbiased classification rule is proposed based on a longitudinal model for the measurement of change in ability. In general, the rule predicts future level of knowledge by using information about level of knowledge at entrance, its rate of growth, and the amount of within-individual variation. (SLD)