Evaluation is discussed as knowledge construction. Examinations are considered as tests of knowledge or as tests of students and then as selection tools or as the construction of knowledge in themselves. Examinations involve the power to define what is common knowledge in a discipline and in a culture, and the examination discourse contributes to…

This program guide for the middle and high school levels contains the student manual which is also published separately. Teachers and administrators are advised on how to implement a peer mediation program, which is designed as an alternative for conflict resolution. The peer mediation approach presented here assumes that conflict is a normal and…

This volume is an annotated bibliography that cites over 300 articles, books and other works that document the impact of multiculturalism on higher education during the 1980s and 1990s. Included are publications that address change in both the traditional disciplines and the interdisciplinary fields of women's studies, African American studies,…

This study examined the effects of an informal parental support network on parents' perceptions of child behavior, discipline style, and satisfaction in parenting. The parent support group consisted of 38 parents (mostly mothers) who met regularly and had an opportunity to discuss parenting concerns and compare experiences with their children;…

This document describes an art mentorship program that was developed and implemented by an experienced art teacher as behavioral intervention for deviant fifth grade students. A target group of nine fifth grade public elementary school students was established for this practicum. Each targeted student mentor was paired with a primary special…

This paper focuses on two questions: (1) Can visual arts be an effective way for students to express what they have learned in social studies?; and (2) Can creative activity improve motivation, participation, attitude, and enhance learning in social studies? The sample for study was drawn from 75 fifth-graders in 3 classes in a school located in a…

Among studies that have examined the relationship between parenting styles and children's development of social skills, the research of Diana Baumrind is noteworthy. In several studies, she has identified authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative parenting styles, which differ on the dimensions of nurturance and parental control. Authoritarian…

This study examines whether there is disproportionate discipline of minority students in Michigan's public schools and assesses the enforcement efforts of State and Federal agencies to ensure equal educational opportunity in this regard. The extent to which minority students were being disproportionately suspended and expelled was studied, as were…

Among studies that have examined the relationship between parenting styles and children's development of social skills, the research of Diana Baumrind is noteworthy. In several studies, she has identified authoritarian, permissive, and authoritative parenting styles, which differ on the dimensions of nurturance and parental control. Authoritarian…

Discipline-based art education has received increased respect as a valuable component of the core curriculum. The arts integrate active learning, encourage non-linear thinking, and provide interdisciplinary connections. The National Standards for the Arts present clear, realistic levels of achievement and provide benchmarks of skills. Students…

What teachers consider to be "discipline problems" are determined by their own culture, and filtered through personal values and teaching styles. Therefore, to manage diverse classrooms effectively, it is essential for teachers to understand what constitutes good classroom discipline within the context of cultural diversity. The first section of…

This study sought the opinions of teachers, all members of the American Federation of Teachers, on issues such as student discipline, common academic standards, inclusion, professional development, and school reform. The telephone survey of a sample of 800 teachers from kindergarten through Grade 12 was conducted in Spring, 1995. Findings include…

The results of a 1992 nationwide survey of state regulatory agencies that are presented in this report serve to update information on the licensing of family day care homes that was gathered in 1991. Terms relevant to family day care are defined; commonly asked questions about family day care are answered; and regulatory requirements for family…

This paper offers a critique of western culture's use and abuse of scholarly traditions and activities through secularization. The paper argues that scholarly activity is connected to forms that tend to function as "religion" and that modern academe refuses to acknowledge the forms as a kind of secular religion, thereby promoting a…

Developments over the past 25 years in school-related legal issues in elementary schools have significantly changed the principal's role. In 1975, a decision of the U.S. Supreme Court established three due-process guidelines for short-term suspension. The decision requires student notification of charges, explanation of evidence, and an informal…