Defines uni-comm as mediated interpersonal behavior which transmits an individual's values to others through the use of nonelectronic media. Specific types of uni-comm such as clothing, hair styles, bumper stickers, graffiti, buttons and decals are discussed. (MH)

This article elaborates on the notion that theoretic discourse, as employed in the natural and behavioral sciences, is partly inappropriate for curriculum work and that the language of curriculum writers must be ordinary language. (Author/MLF)

A historical perspective on and substantive review of the concept of invariance are provided. Progress made toward solving measurement problems related to invariance is also assessed. Two major classes of invariant measurement are described: (1) sample-invariant item calibration; and (2) item-invariant measurement of individuals. The work of S. S.…

Social facilitation can be defined as the effect of an audience or coactors on performance. Research on social facilitation effects has produced some contradictory and confusing findings. Some studies have found that the presence of others enhances performance; other studies have found that the presence of an audience or coactors impairs…

People daydream, plan, and anticipate. They think frequently about their own actual or potential behaviors, and create behavioral scenarios (or scripts) in which they are the main character. To investigate the relationship between thinking about a behavior and one's expectancies or intentions to perform that behavior, subjects (N=93) in Experiment…

Using children from American and Asian Indian populations, assessment was made of the hypothesis that exposure to conforming or deviant models in a resistance to temptation situation would have significantly less deviating effect on Asian Indian subjects. Test results supported the hypothesis. The findings are discussed in terms of the differing…

This fourth and final of a series of papers on communication in the Spanish-speaking world deals with body language and other nonverbal communication. The use of nonverbal sounds, the visual and olfactory senses, and behavior patterns are noted. (Text is in Spanish.) (CK)

This paper presents a rationale for taking a developmental perspective towards evaluation of early childhood programs and contrasts two models of development (organismic and mechanistic) with regard to evaluation and developmental issues. Examination of theoretical differences between the organismic model (which assumes an active organism) and…

Research developments in learning theory over the past fifty years have led to principles of behavior which have been shown in innumerable applied settings to be valuable in analyzing and modifying human behavior. When applied to flying training using simulators, these principles suggest that a significant contribution could be made in improving…

THE CHOICE OF GOALS AND PRACTICES TO BE UTILIZED IN APPROACHES TO EFFECTING BEHAVIORAL CHANGE IS USUALLY DETERMINED BY THE PRACTITIONER'S VIEW OF THE MECHANISMS UNDERLYING BEHAVIORAL ORGANIZATION. TWO BEHAVIOR THEORIES ARE THE PROJECTIVE VIEW AND THE REFLECTIONAL VIEW OF THE MECHANISMS UNDERLYING BEHAVIORAL ORGANIZATION. IN THE PROJECTIVE VIEW,…

A SERIES OF STUDIES WAS CONDUCTED TO CLARIFY THE ROLE OF INTELLIGENCE IN PERSONALITY ORGANIZATION AND TO ASSESS A COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENTAL INTERPRETATION OF IQ-PERSONALITY CORRELATIONS. THE SPECIFIC FOCUS OF THE STUDY WAS THE RELATIONSHIP OF INTELLECTUAL MATURITY TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEX-ROLE ATTITUDES. AGE-DEVELOPMENTAL TRENDS IN SEX-ROLE…

One of 52 theoretical papers on school crime and its relation to poverty, this chapter maintains that social labeling is a pervasive and necessary social phenomenon. However, inaccurate social labeling plagues contemporary juvenile justice systems. Relevant examples include legal adjudication categories such as status offender, persons in need of…

One of 52 theoretical papers on school crime and its relation to poverty, this chapter claims that considering school crime as primarily a manifestation of conduct disorder permits a better understanding of its nature, origin, and treatment. Research into the nature and origin of conduct disorder is discussed. Studies demonstrating successful…

The subject of this bulletin is achieving better discipline through the use of contingency management. Part 1 discusses the basic beliefs of behaviorists and the basic principles of behaviorism. It states that all human beings do what they do in pursuit of some variety or combination of tangible reinforcers, social reinforcers, and intangible…