Although many battered women seek help from their family physicians as outpatients, rates of current and lifetime victimization among outpatient female patients have not been well studied. This study tested two hypotheses regarding whether battered women presented to the clinic in a different manner than did nonbattered women. First, within the…

This review of the literature on the psychological and behavioral effects of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AS) first looks at aspects of the history and prevalence of AS use in competitive sports. Research suggests that one-quarter to one-half million adolescents in the United States have used, or are currently using AS. Some effects of androgens…

The long-term care of dementia sufferers has been conceptualized as a chronic stressor because of the growing evidence that the stress of caring for such an individual has adverse effects on caregivers, including significant decrements in social/recreational activities, emotional and physical fatigue, and depressive symptomatology. Because of…

It has been documented that exposure to severe and prolonged stress can result in emotional disturbances which may last for decades. Research has focused on the diagnosis of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), symptoms of which include flashbacks, increased startle response, interpersonal withdrawal, suspiciousness, impulsivity, and…

Conventional research strategies typically emphasize behavior-determining tendencies so strongly that the person as a whole is ignored. Research strategies for studying whole persons focus on symbolic structures, formulate specific questions in advance, study persons one at a time, use individualized measures, and regard participants as expert…

This article summarizes the major results of a five-year nationwide field study concerning the rehabilitation process as it relates to client outcome. Meaningful results were arrived at with respect to rehabilitation counselors' work role, rehabilitation counselors' interpersonal skill levels, and general change features of clients. (Author)

This article describes a workshop designed to dispel the myth of learned helplessness and facilitate people's reintegrating their previously denied power. The approaches used to help students deal with depression are described in detail. (EJT)

An investigation of the cross-cultural validity of the femininity (Fe) scale in samples of 300 male and 300 female Japanese university students found that 30 of the 38 items differentiated in the same direction as in the original U.S. studies and also that the total score on the scale gave good separation between the Japanese males and females.…

According to data from six U. S. national surveys, middle-aged women whose children have left home report, as a whole, somewhat greater happiness and enjoyment of life than women of similar age with a child (or children) living at home, and the former report substantially greater marital happiness than the latter. (Author)

This paper explores the psychological shadow--the disowned self--as one of the hidden, unconscious elements in adult and continuing education, often underlying those inexplicable emotional reactions that transpire in instructor/learner interactions. Drawing on the literature related to the psychological shadow, teaching/learning, and adult…

Contemporary moral education of children in America derives from multiple sources including parents, schools, religious institutions, and the media. Thus, children are commonly confronted with inconsistent, perplexing moral demands. This paper focuses on a bewildering mixed message children receive regarding ethics: American society strongly…

It was predicted that orals selected by the Blacky Pictures would report a similar amount of movement of a light as an authority figure when viewing the autokinetic phenomenon in his presence, while anals would remain independent of his influence or would even respond oppositionally. (Author)

A study of vocational and personal adjustment measures of client change was conducted. Results showed vocational success and self-reported psychological adjustment are independent dimensions of client change. (Author/EK)

This paper examines non-human loss and its psychological effect upon rural people. It discusses the absence of any ritual response to loss, including farm loss, that would otherwise benefit the loss victims or the surrounding society. The dilemma is comparable to that of the "transitional person," the immigrant experience following World…

Past research has shown that the way one walks reflects one's personality traits and mood states. A study was conducted to examine whether the way one walks can reciprocally affect one's mood. The study tested the hypothesis that walking vigorously would cause a person to feel happier, and that a shuffling walk would cause a person to feel more…