It was predicted that high self-esteem subjects would have higher attraction scores than low self-esteem subjects to similar strangers or to strangers who gave positive personal evaluations. It was also predicted that high self-esteem subjects would have lower attraction scores than low self-esteem subjects to dissimilar strangers or to subjects…

The present experiments investigated the effects of several classical conditioning manipulations on the performance of young children in an instrumental discrimination learning situation. Two predictions from general conditioning-extinction theory were tested: (1) acquisition of an instrumental response to a stimulus for a positive reinforcer in a…

This study investigated the effect of being imitated on the behavior of preschool children. Twenty-two children were employed in a "marble game," which consisted of dropping a marble into one of three holes in a wooden box. Procedure trials occurred across four phases in an ABAB design: baseline, imitation, reversal, and imitation again. During…

A questionnaire developed to assess the impact of the Kazanjian Awards Program on the winners was mailed to the recipients of first, second, third, fourth, and honorable mention awards. A total of 134, or 61% of the winners replied. The effects of their having received an award are summarized and then broken down by teaching level (primary,…

This manual is designed to introduce college and secondary students to individualized instruction. It includes an overview of the advantages of individualized instruction, a step-by-step description of how to go through an individualized course, and instruction in the self-management of study behavior. (Author/JY)

Rotter's (1966) "control of reinforcement" construct is a dimension of belief or expectancy about the locus of reinforcing consequences for behavior. A generalized disposition is represented which ascribes reinforcement contingencies to either "external" (and, hence, uncontrollable) factors or to "internal" sources in which case the individual…

Data were collected on rate-per-minute of administering token reinforcement for one male and seven female teachers enrolled in a behavior modification seminar. The study was conducted in four self-contained and four open classrooms. In the observer-present condition, data were obtained during 15-minute classroom observation periods. In the…

To study the effect of motivating statements on the achievement of young children, a group of 52 first grade boys and girls was randomly divided into two groups. The experimental group was assigned a verbal task and given positive motivation on their ability to accomplish the task. The control group was merely given the assignment. Results of the…

The article describes a program which decreased waste of food by giving elementary school children tokens good for special activities if they finished their lunches. (CD)

Children in typical classrooms who were offered material incentives learned significantly more spelling words than did children not offered material rewards. The substantial effects of the material incentives continued throughout the 4-week period. (BJG)

Describes how behavior management and a classroom guidance program were combined and implemented to help a fourth grade teacher gain control of her students in an inner-city school. (Author)

Nine mentally handicapped adults were studied in order to assess the differential susceptibility of mentally handicapped individuals to sensory and social reinforcers. (Author/BD)

A critique of the behavior modification technique of overcorrection, used primarily with mentally handicapped individuals to reduce undesirable forms of behavior, is presented. (BD)