General practitioners predominate in osteopathic as compared with allopathic medicine, perhaps because of the student selection process, features of osteopathic education, training in osteopathic hospitals, required rotating internship, and more high-quality general practitioner role models. Personality differences may account for differences in…

Investigated counseling psychologists' (n=165) vocational diagnostic and treatment decisions when vocational and personal problems were presented concurrently. Results indicated counseling psychologists who reported greater preference for working with personal problems, in comparison to vocational problems, were less likely to assess, diagnose,…

Examined relationships among aggression, viewing and enjoyment of television violence, and personality traits of extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism in sibling pairs (N=386) ages 11 to 16. Found no support for theory of causal effect on amount of viewing television violence on aggression. Found no within family correlations between amount…

Presented stories concerning an actor who precipitated negative consequences after having either issued a disclaimer or not to 144 British children, ages 5 to 11. The findings that only 11 year olds recommended reducing punishment for actors issuing disclaimers supported the hypothesis that this behavior appears later. (NL)

Used Holland's Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) and a self-monitoring scale to examine 237 undergraduates' association between self-monitoring and occupational preferences. Regression analyses revealed correlations between gender, self-monitoring propensity, and preferred occupational types (i.e., social, enterprising, or artistic). (TE)

Discusses various theories concerning the purpose of children's humor, especially in the classroom. Describes ways in which children use humor to deal with stress. (RJC)

Discusses factors related to children's grief process in general, and response to death in particular. Implications for the single-child family are considered. (BB)

Argues that this volume's Sanson, Prior, and Kyrios study on the overlap between measures of temperament and psychopathy is too narrowly framed. Maintains that there appears to be a pattern of linkage between specific early temperament scales and specific kinds of later behavior problems. (Author/BB)

Describes the Myers Briggs Personality Type Indicator and examines its use as a management tool for library administrators to build effective work teams. Successful applications of the method are described, its limitations are discussed, and suggestions for the effective use of this tool are offered. (Five references) (CLB)

Discusses temperamental qualities of normal adolescents related to learning and the learning process. Describes emotional and personality growth including four ancillary traits, passive and aggressive by dependent and independent children. Provides case stories. (YP)

Studies involving several population types (300 college students and 222 adults) and an assessment of related research examined assumptions that stress adversely affects physical health. Results indicate that self-report measures tend to overestimate the true association between stress and health due to the existence of negative affectivity…

Causal ascriptions for anticipated goal attainment and the emotional consequences of such ascriptions were studied in 731 college students answering questionnaires. Internal and external attributions were made for past outcomes. Subjects felt that internal factors accounted more for success, and external, for failure. (SLD)

Factor analytic literature published since 1965 examining the dimensionality of the adaptive behavior (AB) construct is reviewed, in light of AB's inclusion in the definition of mental retardation. Personal independence and five secondary factors were identified. AB's dimensionality varied as a function of number of methodologies and scale…

Demonstrated that measures of predictor constructs had predictably different patterns of correlations with different criteria. In study of Navy recruiters (N=267), individual personality scales had significantly different relationships with three different rating criteria. In study with Army enlisted soldiers (N=8,642), cognitive ability and…

Factor analyses were performed on the masculine, feminine, and neutral items of the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) for gender-schematic and gender-aschematic individuals separately. Results support the BSRI as a valid measure for distinguishing gender-schematic from gender-aschematic individuals. (FMW)