Draws on an Afrocentric paradigm to identify conceptual models for describing the response of Blacks to racial oppression. Argues that Black people's stylistic patterns of behaving play a role in the maintenance of their oppression, or efforts toward collective liberation. (MW)

Reports a study that examined the relationship among classical authoritarianism, directiveness, and attitudes toward institutional authority among young adolescents in Adelaide, Australia. Concludes that the concept of classical authoritarianism has limited relevance to the social attitudes of children, and that attitude towards authority is not…

Argues that the use of social theory will clarify the functions of the teacher and the school as personal ideologies that may have ignored social reasons for student performance are replaced by a more political analysis that can promote educational change. (FMW)

Although Grusec and Goodnow provide a compelling framework for organizing disciplinary encounters found to affect moral internalization, their hypothesis remains untested. Researchers need to devise conceptually sound measures of message acceptance and show that message acceptance does indeed mediate internalization before committing themselves to…

Although Grusec and Goodnow make interesting suggestions concerning discipline variables that may affect internalization, their ideas are not integrated into a theory, and their definition of internalization is limited because parent-child similarity may result from children's attributing their values to parents. A theory linking discipline and…

Presents two specific approaches to understanding multiculturalism--valuing diversity and taking proactive stances in regard to educating about diversity in society and in physical education and sport settings in particular. An adaptation of Chesler and Crowfoot's organizational stages of multiculturalism and Bennett's model of ethnocentric and…

Outlines principles underlying the theory of polyrepresentation as it applies to user cognitive space and information space of information retrieval (IR) systems. A discussion and diagram illustrate the interactive communication that takes place between users and IR systems in order to complete work tasks such as retrieving full text information.…

Most nursing research is based on empiricism or logical positivism; the social behaviorist approach of the Health Belief Model does little to promote awareness or examine power issues. A critical feminist perspective aids understanding of health practices based on contextual knowledge and a holistic approach. (JOW)

Describes two studies involving chimpanzee mother-infant pairs in Tanzania between 1980 and 1987 that implemented control theory concepts. The first identified behavioral development in infant chimps; the second observed the growth of independence and parenting patterns. Concludes that the hierarchy of controlled variables develops consecutively…

Three theories of commitment were tested by surveying 92 nursing students 3 times during their first year. The social exchange approach and unmet expectations about nursing careers influenced commitment during the latter eight months. The circumstances surrounding the decision to enter nurse training (behavioral approach) predicted commitment only…

Examines various psychodynamic and behavioral theories in a discussion about obesity and mental health. It is revealed that modern theory finds no identifiable personality profile, behavior, or family structure influencing large weight gain thus discounting psychopathology as the cause of obesity. Individual assessments for causes of obesity are…

Describes development of the Therapeutic Reactance Scale, which was developed to measure psychological reactance as defined by Brehm (1966), factor analysis of scale into verbal and behavioral reactance subscales, and reliability and validity data from study with 130 college students. (Author/ABL)

Tests hypothesis that people recall their expectations in ways that are consistent with outcomes. Finds that autobiographical recall may be generally reconstructive and potentially biased. Canadian students reported their preparations and expectations for an undergraduate examination. Observes that more than 90 percent of the students did not…

Describes a framework to explain how organizational culture influences the organizational behavior of individuals and groups. Focuses on organizational culture in schools, and poses questions for research. Observes that understanding the needs hierarchy of different cultures helps explain the relationship between organizational culture and…

Discusses situative perspective as a framework for integrating issues of theoretical assumptions, educational practices, and educational research. In this perspective, the focus of theoretical principles is at the level of interaction among people and between people and their environments. Contains three pages of references. (MMU)