College students read one of two versions of a chapter of text in which target topic labels appeared either with high frequency or low frequency. These two experiments show that readers with low prior knowledge are more likely to make use of surface cues to identify elements of text. (BF)

Senior drivers are vulnerable to automobile crashes and subsequent injury and death. Safety belts reduce health risks associated with auto crashes. Therefore, it is important to encourage senior drivers to wear safety belts while driving. Using a repeated baseline design (AAB), we previously reported that motivating signs boosted safety belt usage…

Computer Assisted Learning (CAL) has been shown to be an efficient learning-teaching procedure. Although there is an extensive educational software tradition using CAL approaches, few of them have demonstrated a better student performance than standard drill and practice methods. The purpose of this study was (a) to evaluate the effectiveness of…

There has been little research into interventions to increase participation in donating items to food-bank bins. In New Zealand, there has been an increased demand from food banks (Stewart, 2002). This study demonstrated that point-of-sale prompts can be an effective method of increasing donations to a supermarket food-bank bin. (Contains 1…

Published literature pertaining to the simultaneous prompting teaching procedure is reviewed. Purposes of this review are to (a) present an initial analysis of effectiveness of this emerging response prompting procedure, (b) discuss work that has been conducted to date, and (c) provide directions for future research. Data from all published…

Three secondary students with moderate disabilities acquired cooking skills through a constant time delay procedure used with video prompting. A multiple probe design was used to evaluate effectiveness of the procedure to teach preparation of a food item (a) on a stove, (b) in a microwave, and (c) on a counter top. The procedure was effective for…

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of an animated agent that provides instructional scaffolding strategies via a story mnemonic or cuing question with feedback versus instructional scaffolding strategies alone on student achievement of different educational objectives in multimedia learning. Specifically, the study investigated…

Regulating closed-captioned videotape prompt rates as a technological approach to improve reading comprehension/retention skills in "at risk" elementary school students is addressed. It is a within factor experimental design which examines retention of learning from closed-caption videotape with regulated prompt rates. Two groups…

The purpose of this study was to investigate three types of academic advisement used in computer based instruction (CBI) with learner controlled conditions and their effects when used among learners of varying locus of control orientation. There were three advisement treatments: (1) adaptive, which gives information related to the amount of…

Work with patients with attentional deficits produced by posterior cerebral lesions has shown that such patients can identify words correctly even when they fail to report letters in nonwords contralateral to the lesion. Because of this, it has been assumed in cognitive neuropsychology that lesions do not produce new phenomena but instead provide…

This paper considers ways in which the organization of text can be made explicit through verbal cuing and the ways in which this organization can be related to the cognitive processes of the reader. It is noted that the textual factors supplementary to the main content play an important part in the comprehension of text and are, thus, important…

The study investigated the comparative effectiveness of the graduated guidance and time delay response prompting techniques when utilized as part of instructional interventions with students with severe disabilities. A replicated single subject, repeated measure design was used with seven subjects, aged 13-21. No significant differences were found…

A short-term memory task was used to explore the effects of verbal labeling and rehearsal on serial-position recall in mildly retarded 9-to 11-year-old children. Results support the view that verbal skills affect recall in mildly retarded children similarly to normal children. (Author/SDH)

Because many textbooks contain sparse headings or no headings at all, the effectiveness of having students generate their own headings while studying material from an introductory biology text was investigated. General psychology students (N=51) were randomly assigned to three groups: (1) Headings Generation, given instructions on creating a…

THIS STUDY WAS AN EXTENSION OF CRP-2284, WHICH RELATED METHODS OF PROGRAM USE TO LEARNER CHARACTERISTICS. 74 GRADE 8 STUDENTS TOOK A PROGRAMED COURSE IN GENERAL SCIENCE IMPLEMENTED IN 4 WAYS, (1) IN-CLASS STUDY WITH TEACHER-SCHEDULED PROGRESS RATE OR (2) STUDENT-SCHEDULED RATE, AND (3) OUT-OF-CLASS STUDY WITH TEACHER-OR (4) STUDENT-SCHEDULED RATE.…