FOUR EXPERIMENTS WERE CONDUCTED TO STUDY EFFECTS OF VERBAL CUES ON LEARNING RETENTION AND TRANSFER. CUES INCLUDED RULES AND ANSWERS PROVIDED BEFORE RESPONDING AND RULES AND ANSWERS PROVIDED AS FEEDBACK. THE FIRST EXPERIMENT INVOLVED SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS WHO USED RULE AND ANSWER PROMPTS. THE SECOND EXPERIMENT CONSIDERED PROMPTS AND FEEDBACK.…

The final report of a project on teaching and management techniques with severely disturbed and/or retarded children presents analysis of single subject research using contingent imitation of the child as an intervention technique. The effects of this technique were examined on the following behaviors: toyplay and reciprocal imitation, self…

A series of studies investigating effects of alternative methods of writing, arranging, and responding in programed instruction are presented and the results are summarized to provide guidelines for use in program preparation. In a comparison of overt and covert response modes no differences were obtained on an immediate post-program criterion…

The effects of cueing procedures in modeling and in feedback treatments on the acquisition of teacher questioning behavior were investigated in order to determine if, as hypothesized, providing cues from a supervisor on the desired behavior during modeling and feedback treatments would increase the frequency of a teacher's use of higher-order…

In the first of three studies, separately reported, the effects of prompting and sequencing on a science concept task were studied with college students. The data analysis showed that the prompting procedure was significantly different from a no-prompting condition; prompting seemed to negate the affect of the defined concept instructional…

A seventh-grade class took tests in block design problems to determine the importance of three techniques of programed instruction. The techniques under consideration were sequencing, cueing, and individual response. The research design looked at the performance of three ability levels (high, medium, and low) divided by sex over five program…

This study investigated several questions generated by cueing system research. The cueing system is perceived as a means of directing our categorizing behaviors in the processing and recall of information. Experiments involved a comparison of categorical cueing systems on a given task in relation to two control areas: (1) subjects using a free…

In order to maximize the development and generalization of social responses of two severely retarded, multihandicapped children (10 and 11 years old) and their classroom peers, a continuous observation system was used to select target responses. (Author)

A multiply-handicapped totally dependent young adult exhibited a steadily increasing rate of response in learning to turn her radio on and off by moving her head to activate a controlling device mounted on the headrest of her wheelchair. Positive reinforcement, prompting, and fading were employed during the intervention (Author/JW)

Verbal prompting and graduated physical guidance procedures were found to substantially increase independent and social play in two interrelated experiments with eight profoundly mentally retarded adults. Independent and social play remained in the subjects' repertoire for 12 months following termination of programmed maintenance. (Author/JW)

Paired reading (with a helper) and an individualized approach employing a "pause, prompt, and praise" strategy were found equally effective in a comparison study involving 48 elementary students in Hong Kong with reading problems. Both forms of treatment produced greater gains than normal classroom instruction received by a control…

Studies five-year-olds' relative number judgements of small and large number displays with and without perceptual aids. Children were found to respond to local rather than global density differences and to benefit from the provision of perceptual aids on both small and large number displays. (Author/AS)

Explored the role of clothing in sex-role socialization by comparing stereotypic clothing-play cognitions with overt play behavior relative to dress. A multi-method approach, including observations and interviews, was used to study the behavior and cognitions of 39 preschool girls. (Author/DST)

Discusses what is known about programed instruction as that knowledge relates to the avoidance of planning and design errors which limit the effectiveness of instructional programs. A 17-item reference list accompanies the text. (Author/JL)

A review of 10 research articles on the use of auditory prompting systems with persons with moderate to severe disabilities found a functional relationship between the use of an audio prompt system and increased task performance. Results support the use of an audio prompt system as an effective intervention. (Contains references.) (CR)