Examines the media's influence on female body image. differentiating between the effects of print and electronic media. Results suggest that print media have a direct, immediate, and negative effect on female body image, while no such relationship exists for electronic media. Results also indicate that exploring only exposure to media images is…

Sought to determine if the size of an entering freshman class at a 4-year university could be accurately predicted using linear regression, a standard statistical procedure. Analyzed certain independent variables believed to be related to the number of actual enrolled freshmen. Found that a reasonably good forecast for the fall could be obtained…

Provides a model of student loan defaults using a panel data file. Identifies a variety of individual variables associated with loan defaults; however, researchers found that the variable with the largest effect on default is continuous enrollment. Students who are continuously enrolled or complete their programs are far less likely to default…

Investigated whether 4- to 6-year-olds' ability to reason about truths and lies influenced their truth-telling behavior. Found that children's performance on truth/lie questions did not predict their truth-telling. Regardless of performance on truth/lie questions, children receiving developmentally appropriate truth/lie discussions gave more…

Examines the association between family structure, attachment, and identity formation. Results partially support the hypotheses and indicate that unresolved spouse conflict is associated with low levels of attachment in adolescents and attachment to father is linked to identity achieved and the diffused identity status. Findings support a link…

Compares the predictors of marital well-being for African American and European American women by focusing on the influences of individual, interpersonal, and social and economic resources. Emotional health, trusting one's spouse, and feeling underbenefited in the relationship were significant predictors of marital well-being for both groups.…

Suggests measures of the reading-related variables are so closely connected that highly reliable measures of spelling level and word attack level for a student could be used to estimate or predict the student's levels of reading, listening, and word identification, and highly reliable measures of reading level and word identification level for a…

A Monte Carlo evaluation of four test statistics for comparing dependent zero-order correlations was conducted with four sample sizes and three population distributions. Results indicate that choice of optimal test statistic depends on sample size and distribution, and predictor intercorrelation and effect size or magnitude of the…

Comparison of 51 artists and 51 nonartists in India found three personality factors (introversion, independence, and tender-mindedness) which, related to working style and creative production of artists, could best differentiate artists from nonartists. These could be predicted from seven other personality factors. (DB)

Investigated the tobacco-related attitudes, behaviors, and needs of smoking and nonsmoking teens being seen for routine primary care, identifying tobacco use predictors. Most teens approached were willing to receive tobacco and diet interventions. Smoking predictors included older age, lower educational aspirations, having parents or friends who…

Examined the characteristics of and influences on African American high school students who currently choose to attend historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs). Found that parental socioeconomic status and education are not the major predictors of African American students' choice patterns; they are also influenced by the type of high…

Examined predictors of compliance in 51 mother-toddler (15 to 31 months) dyads. Found that emotional availability (especially sensitivity and structuring) assessed during a laboratory free play period was the strongest predictor of compliance. High-compliance toddlers were perceived by their mothers to be less socially fearful and less prone to…

Undergraduate students responded to the Community Attitudes toward the Mentally Ill (CAMI) questionnaire and the Hypergender Ideology Scale, which measures the degree to which they adhered to traditional gender roles. It was determined that strict gender-role adherence, rather than biological sex accounted for the variance in CAMI scores.…

Examines the victimizing behaviors of incarcerated juvenile and young offenders. It was found that 50.9% of all respondents reported victimizing others, with verbal assaults and threats being the most common form of such behaviors. Furthermore, staff-identified "victimizers" were significantly more likely to report victimizing behavior…

Examines psychosocial correlates of adolescents carrying a handgun and taking a handgun to school. Survey participants were approximately 22,000 6th, 8th, and 10th grade public school students from Illinois. Results showed that the strongest correlates of handgun carrying behaviors were variables directly associated with handguns and violence,…