As limited research exists on medical students' substance use patterns, including over-consumption of alcohol, the objective of this study was to determine prevalence and correlates of at-risk drinking among a national sample of medical students, using a cross-sectional, anonymous, Web-based survey. A total of 2710 medical students from 36 U.S.…

Background: Nursing aides' attitudes condoning elder abuse are a possible risk factor for executing abusive behaviors against elder residents of long-term care facilities but have been studied infrequently. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess nursing aides' attitudes that condone abusive behaviors toward elderly people, as well as the…

Objective: For child protective services (CPS) youth who may have experienced more than one form of maltreatment, the unique contribution of emotional abuse may be over-looked when other forms are more salient and more clearly outside of accepted social norms for parenting. This study considers the unique predictive value of childhood emotional…

Objectives: To evaluate the relationship between self-reported mental health and binge drinking, as well as health status, sociodemographic, social support, economic resource, and health care access indicators to antihypertension medication adherence. Method: Analysis of 2003 California Health Interview Survey data. Results: Having poor mental…

This policy brief reports on a study of variation in states' school completion rates for students with disabilities and the relationship of school completion to economic, sociodemographic, and educational variables. States' school completion rates were calculated from data maintained by the Department of Education. In addition, state-level special…

This study examined the impact of various temporal patterns of maternal interactive behavior with their infant on the infant's quality of attachment. The sample consisted of 52 dyads from the Berlin Longitudinal Study of Early Adaptation. Quality of attachment was assessed at 21 months with the Strange Situation Procedure. Nine infants were…

Contemporary communication technologies often produce opposite results: social isolation and increased connectedness, decentralized structures and centralized structures, special and unique identities and roles and also homogenized social identities, more complex socialization patterns and simpler socialization patterns, a more defensible personal…

Comparative research in juvenile delinquency provides criminal justice professionals with a mechanism for better decision-making. This study analyzed juvenile probationer arraignments and the offender risk/need classification assessment to better understand juvenile court careers and probation recidivism. Analyses were based on data generated by…

A considerable literature has developed on the tendency to ascribe the "blame" for unfortunate life events on the victims of the misfortune. Previous research has not explored fully the victim blame tendency in the case of child physical abuse. This study investigated the relationship between the experience of physically abusive…

An overview of the history of adolescent runaway behavior indicates that it has become a social and psychological problem of significant proportions. This study investigated the use of a personality measure that was hypothesized to be representative of a cluster of behaviors associated with running away. The study also sought to determine a…

Many fundamental questions about the functional meaning of resilience remain to be answered. There are many different approaches to resilience. Some studies have described functional characteristics of children who demonstrate resilience, while other studies have looked to the temperament of the child and characteristics of the environment to find…

Commonality analysis is a procedure for decomposing the coefficient of determination (R superscript 2) in multiple regression analyses into the percent of variance in the dependent variable associated with each independent variable uniquely, and the proportion of explained variance associated with the common effects of predictors in various…

As large numbers of women enter the labor force, decision making and power processes have assumed greater importance in marital relationships. A sample of 51 (N=101) dual-career couples were interviewed to assess independent variables predictive of process power, process outcome, and subjective outcomes of decision making in dual-career families.…

Empirically determines if two approaches, i.e., individual predictor information versus group information, would yield different predictive results, and since the second approach involved the additional expense of grouping whether the prediction of criterion measures by individual data could be enhanced by the addition of group data. (Author/RC)

Public reactions to the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) crisis are accompanied by the sorts of emotional and cognitive factors that have been identified by researchers as predictors of rumor generation and transmission. The present investigation attempted to ascertain the extent that various subjective factors (including anxiety,…