Investigated the relationship between patient age and preference for physician communication style in 303 adults. Results showed that, while most patients prefer a high degree of both information and affect, older patients prefer a low-information/high affect strategy. Results may indicate the presence of receiver apprehension in elderly patients.…

Reviewed published validation studies for the years 1964-1982 of the Journal of Applied Psychology and Personnel Psychology. Results indicated minimal differences across study designs in the average validity coefficient and found selection ratios, standard deviations, reliabilities, predictor and criterion intercorrelations to be rarely and…

Examined elementary school teachers' work satisfaction and job-related stress and their relation to external factors (principals', other teachers', pupils', and parents' feeling about the teacher) and internal factors (perceived general life satisfaction and self-efficacy). Found work satisfaction to be related to internal factors, stress to…

Tests the interactive effects of status of the offender and severity of a deviant act on the assessment of penalties for socially prescribed behavior in volunteers (N=24) assigning punishment. Results revealed a tendency for high-status offenders to receive more lenient treatment than their low-status counterparts. (Author/LLL)

Various aspects of absentee patterns were compared with pupils' performances on a standardized ninth grade algebra examination. Results indicated that patterns of absence, in addition to gross quantity of absence, are related to pupils' performances. Moreover, results indicate that attending students' test score performances are sensitive to…

Assessed influence of maternal age at first birth on mothers' emotionally affective behaviors to their children using three samples of families (N=33, 38, 36). Two models of age effects were considered: (1) life experiences and (2) stress from early first birth. Age at first birth was positively associated with supportive maternal behaviors and…

Examined environmental determinants of neighborhood satisfaction among urban elderly men (N=100). Safety emerged as the major determinant, but its impact on neighborhood satisfaction was lessened when considered in conjunction with housing satisfaction. Urban planners should assign priority to the development of neighborhoods which foster a sense…

Examined subjective and objective characteristics of employment in relation to depression in 135 two-job families. Results showed employment characteristics of each spouse had little effect on the other. Subjective factors were more predictive of life satisfaction, and social comparisons resulting in unfavorable assessment of outcomes were related…

Using step-wise multiple regression analyses, regression equations were generated for sixty school age subjects with choice and stage of moral reasoning on moral dilemmas as the dependent variables. The implications of the findings for further research and curriculum were discussed. (Editor/RK)

The California Postsecondary Education Commission periodically conducts studies of university eligibility of public high school graduates. The eligibility rates from these studies are the proportion of high school graduates who qualify for freshman admission to California public universities. Eligibility is based on completion of specific high…

High school and college students (N=321) completed the Mini Markers Five Factors Personality Scale (MMFFPS) and items assessing recent substance use, in order to permit an assessment of the relationship between five basic personality factors and reported use of cigarette, alcohol, and marijuana. A 2 x 2 MANOVA (personality factors; low and high;…

Most studies dealing with the impact of September 11, 2001 events are limited by reliance on recall of individuals about their behaviors before and after the events. To understand the consequences of significant, unexpected events, it is useful to have baseline information for the purpose of comparison. This report examines the potential effects…

Anxiety has been shown to have detrimental effects on students in the classroom. This study examined the relations between motivational variables and anxiety. In particular, this study utilized goal orientation theory to examine whether the personal goals a student adopts and the goal structures a student perceives in the classroom are predictors…

This study examined how college students' test anxiety related to previous testing experiences and self-efficacy. Participants were 29 undergraduate college students enrolled at a Midwestern university. Instruments used to measure the criterion and predictor variables were: Test Anxiety Scale, College Academic Self-efficacy Scale, Generalized…