A study of 70 pregnant working mothers before and six months after childbirth found that traditional gender-role values and perceived spousal preference influenced their employment intention before giving birth. Employment intention and spouse's income influenced return to employment after childbirth. (SK)

Investigates the influence of birth order with parenting style, age spacing, gender, and socioeconomic status on the Myers-Briggs attitude scales of Extroversion/Introversion and Judging/Perceiving. Results indicate that age spacing interacted with birth order to influence Extroversion/Introversion scores. Parenting style and gender interacted…

Examines the relationship between social-bonding characteristics and alcohol use in adolescents. Participants described family structures, alcohol use, and specific situations in which they decided not to drink. Results show that family variables and student decision-making rationale are related to adolescent alcohol use but the predictive factors…

Examined articulation and interarticulation (pause) times on Rapid Automatized Naming Tests for first- and second-graders. Found that pause and articulation times for RAN letters and objects were not reliably related, compared to RAN numbers articulation and pause durations. Subtest pause durations were differentially related to reading. RAN…

Investigates stress, coping responses, and social support variables as predictors of psychological distress among 171 Mexican American men and women. Data indicate that although men and women did not differ significantly in the rate of depressive symptoms, they did differ in the sources of stress and social support associated with depression.…

Examines various dimensions of functioning in alcoholic and nonalcoholic families. Participants were 813 college students who completed a standardized measure of family functioning, demographic questions, and questions related to experiences in their families of origin. Results indicate that children raised in alcoholic families tend to experience…

Determines what factors, if any, are predictors of computer anxiety among business communication students. Explores alternative teaching strategies suggested by the literature to effectively reduce computer anxiety in business communication classrooms. Concludes that it has become imperative for every instructor to develop an understanding both of…

Questionnaires and grade point averages were used to examine the academic, psychosocial, cognitive, and demographic predictors of academic performance of first-year Australian university students. Found that previous academic performance was the most significant predictor; integration into university, self-efficacy, and employment responsibilities…

Examines college students (N=70) for associations between friendsickness, precollege predictors, and the dimensions of college adjustment 10 weeks into the first semester. Results reveal friendsickness is associated with precollege social concerns, discrepancy between precollege expectations and college experiences, more precollege friends in the…

Examines the many effects of marijuana use on the lungs. States that patients with pre-existing immune deficits are particularly vulnerable to marijuana-related pulmonary infections. However, warns that habitual use of marijuana may lead to respiratory cancer must await epidemiological studies, which are now possible since 30 years have passed…

This multi-institution, longitudinal study investigated relationships between various experiences in the second and third years of college and students' openness to diversity and challenges to their beliefs and attitudes. The strongest positive influences on openness to diversity and challenge were precollege openness to diversity, student…

Differences and similarities between 245 brothers and sisters of adults with mental retardation in the sibling relationship were examined. Sisters scored higher in the caregiving, companionship, and positive affect aspects of the sibling relationship. Sibling involvement increased over time, but was dependent upon changes in maternal health.…

Summarizes and challenges criticism that the behavioral sciences have failed to produce long-lasting generalizations due to cultural and historical relativism and interaction effects. Using findings from meta-analysis, the author argues that considerable consistency and validity across contexts of many generalizations exists, as well as promising…

The predictive validity of original thinking, as measured by two subtests of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, to the performance of real-world creative activities (in such domains as art, drama, sport, music, and dance) was examined in 60 second-graders. Original thinking was significantly related to creative performance but not to…

Three personality questionnaires were completed by 122 delinquent and 421 nondelinquent adolescents in Valencia, Spain. Delinquents scored higher than nondelinquents on factors of dogmatism, neuroticism, and criminal propensity and lower than nondelinquents on intelligence. Neuroticism was the best predictor of delinquency for females. (BC)