Observations were conducted in Israel on 47 toddlers in sponsored family day care, 18 toddlers in community-based center day care, and 20 toddlers in kibbutz children's homes in an effort to identify differences in the three types of care. Particular attention was given to characteristics of users and caregivers, experiences generated by the…

Attrition statistics were analyzed for the entire teaching population in Wisconsin from 1984-1988. Teachers with provisional certification were more likely to leave teaching than were fully certified teachers during the first 2 years of the study, but during the third year of the study, attrition rates were comparable. Attrition rates of special…

Commonality analysis may be used as an adjunct to general linear methods as a means of determining the degree of predictive ability shared by two or more independent variables. For each independent variable, commonality analysis indicates how much of the variance of the dependent variable is unique to the predictor and how much of the predictor's…

The value of variance is emphasized, and the element of design, frequently not adequately understood, is clarified to underscore the importance of variance to the researcher. Two analytic methods, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multiple regression, are discussed in terms of how each uses/applies variance. Advantages and major difficulties with…

Given the increase of tobacco use among adolescents, the understanding of the personality variables and characteristics which are associated with tobacco use is a critical issue today. This study attempted to identify differences and similarities among the value hierarchies of adolescents who have never tried tobacco, adolescent tobacco…

L. A. Marascuilo and R. C. Serlin (1988) note that stepwise regression is a method used frequently in social science research. C. Huberty (1989) characterizes such applications as being "common". In support of this latter statement, a review of dissertations by B. Thompson (1988) demonstrated that dissertation students frequently use…

There has been considerable variation in reports of how much people know about Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). This study explored empathy towards persons with AIDS. The first part of the study involved pretesting subjects on two scales. Data were collected from 125 male and 125 female college students. A factor analysis revealed there…

The study sought to identify and measure factors in course achievement in actual college courses acorss subject areas and instructors, and to assess their influence on indicators of learning or achievement in these courses. Data sources included: interviews with instructors in two introductory economics courses and one introductory biology course;…

The study sought to determine the relationships between work adjustment and selected personal, educational, vocational, and familial variables among 116 mentally retarded trainees from two vocational training programs in Taiwan. Findings included, among others: older trainees were more likely to accept rules/authority than younger workers; males…

Compliance with many health-promoting regimens is often poor, even among individuals with known chronic disease. Lifestyle changes recommended by cardiac rehabilitation educators are often not adopted or not maintained by clients having suffered myocardial infarction and/or coronary graft bypass surgery. Subjects were graduates (N=117) of a Phase…

Social facilitation can be defined as the effect of an audience or coactors on performance. Research on social facilitation effects has produced some contradictory and confusing findings. Some studies have found that the presence of others enhances performance; other studies have found that the presence of an audience or coactors impairs…

A developmental neuropsychological model is presented to address critical factors critical to the functional outcome in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In the model, which is derived from work at the Boston Children's Hospital Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) program, neuropsychological outcomes are determined…

The former HEW National Strategy for Youth Development model was a community-based planning and procedural tool to enhance and to prevent delinquency through a process of youth needs assessments, needs targeted programs, and program impact evaluation. The program's 12 Impact Scales have been found to have acceptable reliabilities, substantial…

Personal and academic characteristics of students at public and private historically black colleges were compared, and predictors of academic progression of these students were identified. Progression for individual students was defined as the average number of credit hours completed per semester. Compared to private college students, students at…

College students (N=396), chronic pain patients (N=319), and schizophrenic veterans (N=43) completed the Depression Coping Questionnaire (DCQ) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Factor analysis of the DCQ identified eleven coping responses: social support, problem solving, self-blame/escape, aggression, indulgence, activities, medication,…