Empathy has been hypothesized as a mediator facilitating prosocial behaviors such as altruism. Definitions and measures of empathy disagree as to the extent to which the observer's response is affective and the necessity for the observer to understand the other's point of view. A conceptualization of empathy which includes these considerations has…

Four computer programs using the general purpose multiple linear regression program have been developed. Setwise regression analysis is a stepwise procedure for sets of variables; there will be as many steps as there are sets. Covarmlt allows a solution to the analysis of covariance design with multiple covariates. A third program has three…

This paper presents the results of three experiments studying routine problem-solving tasks in simple addition and subtraction. Indications are that children tend to solve such problems by internalized counting procedures which may be learned independently as a consequence of practice in problem solving. Brief descriptions of exploratory studies…

The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between the acquisition of conservation skills and achievement in mathematics. The conservation skills measured were numbered, mass, area and volume. Mathematics achievement was measured by the Computation, Concepts, Problem-Solving and Total Mathematics scores on the Metropolitan…

A longitudinal study of 553 children, from kindergarten through grade 4, was conducted to determine whether measures readily available in school districts, taken in kindergarten by classroom teachers, could predict reading achievement on standardized tests in succeeding grades. Scores on the Metropolitan Readiness Test, the Draw-a-Man Test, a…

This report analyzes the relationship between high school grades, American College Test (ACT) scores, and first-semester college grades. Based on the Standard Research Service of the ACT program, 1,379 students in the fall 1969 freshman class of Montgomery College (Maryland) were studied. Measures of academic background used ACT scores in English,…

This study was undertaken to determine the validity of the Differential Aptitude Test (DAT) in general, the differential validity of each score of the DAT, and the effectiveness of high school rank (HSR) as a measure of past performance for predicting success in vocational programs in health careers. Data obtained for a sample of 127 students…

This questionnaire is used in the Educational Quality Assessment Program in the State of Pennsylvania. Designed to be filled out by school administrators, it requests information about staff size, enrollment size, library books available, hours of paraprofessionals, quality of housing in school district, number of guidance personnel, and holding…

This index of effort is proposed as a means by which those in charge of student recruitment activities at community colleges can be sure that their efforts are being directed toward all of the appropriate population. The index is an analytical model based on the concept of socio-economic profiles, using small area 1970 census data, and is the…

The purpose of this study was to evaluate both the written Department of Motor Vehicles (DMV) driver licensing test, and a large sample of driver knowledge test items selected from the University of Michigan's Highway Safety Research Institute (HSRI) item pool. Test forms were administered to 48,000 California drivers license applicants. The…

The Beginning Teacher Evaluation Study, Phase II, was a research project on effective teaching behavior--what teachers do that significantly affects what and how pupils learn. The purposes of Phase II were to (1) develop an assessment system for measuring teacher and student behaviors and other factors which could influence each of them and their…

The previous literature on the socioeconomic correlates of environmental concern places great stress on the middle class being more supportive of environmental agendas than the working or lower socioeconomic class. The authors believe that methodological problems in this research and the theoretical implications of the middle class generalization…

Predictability of GPA of college students who successfully appealed admission denial was evaluated by a reciprocal averages technique. Index scores for these high-risk students obtained from 5 of 23 variables correlated significantly with GPA in developmental and cross-validation samples. A trial use of the index to screen in applicants was…

Part 1 of a two-part article describing a study that attempts to identify determinants of change in teacher salaries and examines both school district contextual factors and school district negotiations characteristics in terms of final contracts negotiated in New York during the 1971-72 school year. (JG)

The method used to arrive at four measures (three aptitude test scores and a high school grade point average) for predicting probable success is described. These measures were developed into three separate equations to predict success in: learning shorthand theory, reading shorthand notes, and dictation/transcription ability. (Author/MS)