Examines three factors that may place adolescents at risk for aggression and violence: personality, affect, and family. Using a sample of male adolescents at risk for violence, a cluster analysis was conducted to categorize these adolescents in terms of personality characteristics. Concludes that, among male delinquents, elevated psychopathology…

Explores the drug use patterns of a sample of Southwestern Mexican American middle school students using language preference as a marker of acculturation status. Spanish monolingual students were found to use significantly less alcohol and other drugs than bilingual or English dominant students. Recommendations for social work practice are framed…

Examines to what extent peer relations, self-confidence, and school performance correlate with self-rated happiness and loneliness in adolescents. Personality traits, self-confidence, friendship, and school grades were all significantly oppositely correlated with happiness and loneliness. Regressional analysis revealed that extraversion and…

Explores the relation between reason for dropping out and substance use in Mexican American and White adolescents. Results revealed that for Mexican American adolescents, substance use was highest among those who left school to be with their friends and lowest among those who left for family-related reasons. Among White adolescents, there were no…

Examines the relationship between social support and depression among 79 Vietnamese immigrants living in a multicultural community. Results indicated that sociodemographic variables did not predict depression scores. However, the nonkinship factor was associated with a reduction in depression scores over time. (Contains 56 references and 3…

Investigates relationships among spirituality, social support, childhood maltreatment and symptoms of distress among a sample of college students. Significant associations were found for maltreatment with high symptoms of distress, low spiritual well-being, and low social support from family; and symptoms of distress with low spiritual well-being…

Uses data from the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth to examine social, demographic, and economic correlates of planned and unplanned childbearing among unmarried women. Finds that low education increases the likelihood such childbearing outside of marriage for all race and ethnic groups. Results suggest ways in which the meaning of…

Examines the relationship between depression symptomatology and functional impairment among white and African American elderly people. Results indicate that although African American elderly people were more impaired in the performance of daily living activities, they did not experience higher levels of depression. However, African Americans did…

A study examined whether a correlation existed between mood ratings and subsequent display of problem behavior in eight adults with mental retardation. Results indicated that bad mood ratings were highly predictive of problem behavior. When an induction procedure to improve mood ratings was implemented, dramatic decreases in problem behaviors…

Reports on three studies comparing the reading and phonological skills of children with Down Syndrome (DS) and younger normally developing children of similar reading level. Notes that for children with DS, letter-sound knowledge did not predict reading. Suggests that children with DS do not possess full phoneme awareness. (PM)

Describes findings from an advancement salary survey as they relate to advancement managers, professionals who manage at least two of the three primary advancement disciplines (development, communications/marketing, and alumni relations). Found that they are more likely to earn six-figure salaries than those in other segments of advancement.…

A study of the relationship of population and income in Asian countries and Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) members to their demand for American higher education found that both population and income significantly affect demand, but not proportionally. Findings suggest countries meet most change in citizens' demand with…

Examined power of expectancies measured in early adolescents to predict self-reported drinking onset and drinking behavior measured one year later. Results showed that five of seven expectancy scores readily discriminated between nonproblem drinkers and those subsequently beginning problem drinkers and accounted for large portion of variance in…

Used data from interviews with 131 older spouse caregivers to explore potential explanations for gender differences in reported caregiver burden. Linear regression model explained 35 percent of variance in caregiver burden. Patient's cognitive and behavioral difficulties emerged as most important predictor of burden, followed by caregiver age,…

Performance by 38 elementary reading-disabled and above-average readers was compared on a series of 6 measures of phonological awareness, including tests of ability to segment, blend, and manipulate phonemes. Results suggest that tasks requiring blending and manipulation of phonemes, in addition to segmentation, may predict decoding ability best.…