Incidents of deliberate self-harm in young people has steadily increased. This study describes adolescents' experience with medical and psychiatric services following overdose from self-poisoning. In many of the cases, young people were experiencing multiple and complex psychological difficulties. The greatest positive factor was being treated in…

A study examined variables that 22 college graduates with learning disabilities viewed as important in influencing self-disclosure of their disability to their employer. Less than 30 percent disclosed their disability status. The top reason for disclosure included not being ashamed of their disability and viewing it as part of their individuality.…

Osteoporosis screening of 107 adults, ages 40 to 60, with mental retardation who attended community-based training centers found 21 percent had osteoporosis and 34 percent had osteopenia. The most significant predictor of lower bone mineral densities were Down syndrome, mobility status, and race. (Contains references.) (Author/DB)

Analysis of data from a survey of 105 social work students found significant relationships among hardiness (the ability to manage difficulties), spiritual well-being, and self-esteem. Spiritual well-being and hardiness were found to be strong predictors of self-esteem. Discusses the need to explore the role of spiritual well-being and implications…

A statistical model to predict success or failure in a general psychology course was constructed and validated with 935 community college students. Best predictors were age, high school grade point average, and composite ACT (American College Testing) scores. The model was validated by comparing error rates to those from two previous semesters of…

Analysis of data on 230 Master's in Business Administration students at Indiana University (controlling for type of undergraduate program, undergraduate grade point average, and score on the Graduate Management Admission Test) found that prior work experience accounted for only a small proportion of variance in first-semester grades and was…

Examined risk mechanisms and protective factors in the relation between aggression in childhood and long-term adult unemployment among participants in the Jyvaskyla Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development. Found that aggression at 8 years predicted school maladjustment at age 14, which was related to unemployment. Child-centered…

A study found the gestural activity of 15 adolescents with visual impairments differed from that of 15 adolescents with sight. Subjects with visual impairments used more adapters (especially finger-to-hand gestures) and fewer conversational gestures. Differences in gestural activity by degree of visual impairment and grade in school were also…

Examined the extent to which women's childhood play activities predicted future sport participation. College athletes and nonathletes completed a survey on childhood play and adult sports experiences. Playing with masculine toys and games, playing in predominantly male or mixed groups, and being a tomboy characterized women who later became…

Stresses the importance of the development of phonemic awareness skills for students with reading difficulties. Research suggesting phonemic awareness may be a more powerful predictor for reading progress than IQ is noted. Insets offer specific phonological awareness assessment tasks and corresponding phonological awareness instructional tasks.…

A study examined underlying factors for age-related decline in adaptive behavior in 128 adults with trisomy 21 over a three-year period. Presence of dementia was the only determining factor, although the difference in trend over time as compared to subjects without dementia was not significant. (Author/CR)

Analyzes an existing longitudinal survey of adolescent mothers (N=315). Data from Time 1 were used to predict victimization reported in the year between Time 1 and Time 2. Explores factors that increased the likelihood of reported sexual victimization at Time 2 and factors that reduce the risk of victimization. Investigates risk factors for…

Reports on assessments of four affects (anxiety, depression, anger, and contentment) using three different measures. Results show that staff members (n=44) reported lower levels of dysphoric affect than 40 psychiatric inpatients. Findings show that therapists can predict affects that are suggested by prestructured visual elements used in the…

Evaluated changes in mothers' interactive behaviors with infants from 6 to 40 months who were medically high risk, medically low risk, very low birthweight preterm, or full-term. Found that variations in mothers' responses to children's changing capabilities predicted rates of change in children's social skills. (Author/KB)

Street youth 12 to 19 years old (N=775) in four American cities were interviewed to examine the relationship between suicide attempts and antecedent home life variables. Forty-eight percent of the females and 27% of the males had attempted suicide. Sexual and physical abuse before leaving home were independent predictors of suicide attempts for…