The logit methodology provides a unique way of examining input-output relationships for social systems where the principal output of the analysis is a probability of some action or state. (Author)

A social psychology of problem behavior was employed in a longitudinal study of high school youth to predict time of onset of marijuana use. Nineteen personality, perceived environment, and behavioral variables among nonusers of marijuana were shown to account for a significant amount of the variance in time of onset of use. (Author)

Investigated the variables used by intake counselors at a university counseling center in estimating number of interviews a client will attend and to assess the accuracy of those estimates. Data from 448 cases indicated counselors relied most heavily on their judgment of the severity of personal problems to make an estimate. (Author)

Forty undergraduate judges watched videotaped interactions of couples and rated their marital satisfaction based on certain behavioral cues. Results indicate: untrained judges were able to discriminate marital satisfaction/distress with significant validity; judges' ratings were correlated with couples' aversive behavior; and the actuarial…

Describes an experiment undertaken to identify the home experiences of 1- to 3-year-old children which result in competence at the age of 6. (BRT)

A study of medical student performance showed the clinical performance factor more or less unpredictable from aptitude and premedical academic achievement indices while the academic performance factor was forecast with acceptable accuracy by equations based on the Medical College Admissions Test and premedical grade point average. (JT)

A Biographical Data Inventory (BDI) and a standard final evaluation form were developed and administered to practicing medical technologists and senior year medical technology students at a State university. A correlation of .68 between scores reinforced findings of other studies, suggesting that BDI's are useful in advisement and selection of…

This investigation explored the relationship between scholastic grades in science in junior and senior high school students and ability of students to perform formal operational tasks. The findings indicated that at certain grade levels and in certain subject areas, public school science students who demonstrate formal operational logic tend to…

Study of drug use among 254 Mexican-American high school students. Investigated drug use in relationship to socioeconomic status, attitudes toward drugs, school related variables, and demographic factors. Results indicate the Mexican-American drug user differed from the group normal from which he/she was drawn with regard to the aspects…

Family functioning patterns have been found to be related to various demographic characteristics. Data on 46 demographic variables were gathered from 159 census tracts in Tarrant County, Texas. Based on a principal components analysis and varimax rotation, seven components were extracted. Strong positive relationships were found between family…

Investigated extent to which traditional indices (test scores, undergraduate GPA, letters of recommendation) and less traditional measures (interview ratings and biographical information) would predict each of two criteria of success in a subdoctoral program in applied psychology: a) academic competency (graduate GPA) and b) faculty ratings of…

The claim that tests of intelligence and abilities are the best predictors of academic success fails to examine closely the important moderator variable as test and criterion characteristics rather than as person characteristics. (EH)

While men and women in 1987 may be able to achieve equally in academic settings, gender differences in affective and value factors associated with achieving academically may exist. Differences in the values attached to academic achievement and thus the motivation behind achievements, and feelings about the situation in which education takes place…

The major purpose of the present experiment was to assess the impact of student-generated and expert-generated knowledge maps on the effectiveness of post-organizer construction, initial acquisition, and transfer. Sixty students at the University of Missouri-Rolla were included in this study. Participants were required to study a passage and…

Many questions about the associations between risk factors and drug use remain unanswered. Data originally obtained from seventh graders participating in a school-based prevention program were examined in terms of a theoretical model. A series of multiple regression analyses were then conducted to select those risk factors which contributed unique…