Administered six cognitive tasks to 115 men aged 50-93. Obtained two factors. The nonverbal performance factor was significantly predicted by age while the verbal factor was significantly predicted by education. The results suggest that verbal and nonverbal abilities may be determined by different antecedents. (Author)

A test was given to 322 secondary students to develop a profile of mathematical ability based on four components: computation, pattern recognition, logical reasoning, and symbolic manipulation. These profiles were compared to mathematics test scores; the results verified hypotheses about individual differences in mental processes and knowledge…

Examined utility of tests for predicting academic achievement of impulsive and reflective first graders. Analyses revealed that for three of the five criterion variables, the optimal equations for predicting the achievement scores differed for impulsives and reflectives. With the same predictor scores, predicted achievement of impulsive and…

Reviews school desegregation literature to assess how well existing research provides information on school desegregating effects. Identifies disparities in methods and other characteristics among different studies and explores areas for improvement in the methodology and theory of future work. (Author/MJL)

Discusses the results of research using data from three national surveys of vocational education students. The findings reveal several variables affecting the long- and short-term benefits of various types of vocational education and postsecondary vocational training for men and women. (PGD)

Examined factors related to satisfactory postdivorce social adjustment of 206 randomly selected single parents. Found the strongest single predictor of adjustment was the parent's subjective feelings of well-being and absence of distress. Other significant factors included the family's current social status and relationships with significant…

Reviews the book "Who Gets Ahead?", by Christopher Jencks and 11 associates, which discusses the main themes preoccupying research on status attainment, earnings, intergenerational mobility, and the effects of family background, cognitive skills, noncognitive traits, and years of schooling. Compares this book with Jencks' earlier work,…

The extent to which successful completion of the Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree could be predicted from readily available admissions data was examined. Results of the discriminant analysis showed that the two criterion groups (graduates and nongraduates) could be differentiated. (Author/GK)

Data from a national sample found that cohabitors are more violent than marrieds. However, cohabitors over 30, divorced women, those with high incomes, and those who were together for over ten years, had very low rates of violence. Suggests cohabitation should not be seen as a unitary phenomenon. (Author)

Measured quality of life of 373 preretirees and retirees to determine the contributions to life satisfaction of age, sex, retirement status, education, marital status and volunteer status. Found persons engaged in volunteer activities more satisfied with their lives. Educational level was also positively related to life satisfaction. (Author)

Predictor variables such as physical abilities, social interactions, and psychological factors are considered by coaches in selecting athletes for team membership. (JN)

Compared some characteristics of Black female high school dropouts with a group of graduates previously perceived as potential dropouts. Results indicated that students' age, employment status, involvement in church, and involvement in activities outside of school are related to Black female persistence in high school. (RC)

Considered the effectiveness of the Myers-Brigg Type Indicator, the Effective Study Test Results, the Scholastic Aptitude Test, and high school class rank to predict success among high-risk college freshmen (N=658). Found the predictability of success reached the same level as that normally achieved for nonrisk students. (Author/RC)

Whether the race of elementary school teachers in black schools was associated with teachers' expectations for student achievement and perceptions of effort was investigated. Evidence suggested that teacher race was associated only with expectations for college success. (Author/GK)

Reviews relationships of vocational interests with vocational-relevant variables (ability, success, and satisfaction). Results indicate no correlations between interests and actual relevant abilities and performance, but that a positive relationship exists with satisfaction. Suggests cognitive functions may mediate between actual abilities,…