Examination of traits and life experiences of 21 eminent women in the visual arts found that, as children, artists were creative, versatile, vital, energetic, sensitive, and enjoyed their work. Early achievement predicted later accomplishments and early intensive concentration in one's field, often to the near exclusion of other activities, was…

Builds and estimates a model that explains educational supply and demand behavior at PhD-granting institutions in the United States. The statistical analysis based on 1988-89 data suggests that student quantity, educational costs, average SAT score, class size, percentage of faculty with a PhD, graduation rate, ranking, and existence of a medical…

Examination of 53 children with autism supported the validity of the subtypes "aloof" and "active-but-odd" as predictors of behavior across language/communication, reciprocal social interaction, and stereotyped behavior/restricted interest domains. Partial support for an intermediate, "passive" subtype was garnered. (Author/JDD)

Reports study of 288 graduate psychology majors to determine what variables correlated with grade point averages in psychology. Reports three clusters of significant variables: (1) high school grades in verbal areas; (2) achievement in college general studies courses; and (3) mathematics aptitude and achievement in college. (CFR)

Studied whether behavioral styles at age 3 are linked to personality traits at age 18 after identifying 5 temperament groups (undercontrolled, inhibited, confident, reserved, and well-adjusted). Results pointed to continuities across time. (DR)

Analyzed predictors of end-of-treatment (4 months) smoking cessation and subsequent relapse at 12 and 24 months among 3,923 participants enrolled in a 12-week cognitive-behavioral group smoking-cessation program. Men were more likely than women to quit smoking initially, but relapse rates were similar for both genders. Clinical implications are…

Investigated predictors of psychological distress among infertility clinic patients. Analyses indicated that infertile men and women reported greater psychological distress than the general population. Self-blame and avoidance coping significantly predicted psychological distress among men and women. Increased age and childlessness added to…

Tested hypotheses concerning the relationship between alcohol and homicide from four major theoretical perspectives; specific predictions on the causes of types of homicide were also derived. Findings revealed that alcohol consumption rates change the way important predictors, such as poverty and deterrence, are related to specific types of…

Sixty-six college students enrolled in an intermediate Spanish course were measured on 12 variables believed to be related to pronunciation accuracy. Variables that related most to pronunciation accuracy included individual concern for pronunciation, subject's degree of field independence, and subject's degree of right hemispheric specialization…

The believability and importance of rumors were studied with three samples of college students (n=93) who were deaf. The study analyzed the effects of how frequently the student transmitted rumors and the amount of information students had about a rumor on anxiety level, extroversion orientation, and ratings of believability and importance. (SW)

Examined the relation between peer relationships in 6th grade and the number of sexual partners in 10th grade for 77 boys. Found that peer rejection in sixth grade was associated with number of sexual partners four years later; peer acceptance was also associated with number of sexual partners, but for different reasons. (HTH)

Studied interrelation of six facets of control and their ability to predict older persons' well-being. Found modest correlations between control measures. Neuroticism and sense of coherence predicted negative affect. Established tendencies of independent association of mastery with global well-being and of social inadequacy with positive affect.…

Explores issues surrounding sexual trauma and chemical dependency. Aims to provide direction for relapse prevention with a relapse-prone population and explores application of traditional milieu substance-abuse treatment for sexual-trauma survivors. Makes recommendations for working with sexual-trauma survivors who are also substance abusers. (RJM)

Attempted empirical validation of the fixated-regressed typology used in child sexual abuse literature. Analysis of 136 consecutive cases of convicted child molesters over a 2-year period revealed that the victim's and offender's family relatedness and the offender's prior non-sex-criminal record significantly predicted an offender's degree of…

Behaviors of 66 youth, 8 to 18 years old, with emotional and behavioral disorders that put them at risk for placements outside their homes and/or communities were investigated. Behaviors most predictive of at-risk status were physical aggression, extreme noncompliance, peer interactions, and extreme verbal abuse. (Author/SW)