Examined the relationship between university professors' (N=120) work orientation and attitudes toward their work. Found that a global work orientation is a strong predictor of attitudes toward intrinsic aspects of work in social sciences and a moderate predictor in physical sciences. (Author)

In male and female adolescents (n=30), the predictive relationship between social competency and peer relations and age differences in social competence was studied. Based upon a social deficit hypothesis, linear age differences were observed in social knowledge, locus of control, and a trend in empathy. (Author/PN)

Among high school students, males' educational and career aspirations were strongly influenced by their academic ability and achievement, while females' aspirations were influenced mainly by parental attitudes and their socioeconomic background. (Author/MJL)

Explored the relationship between participation in varsity athletics and the achievement of developmental tasks. Athletes (N=48) and nonathletes (N=43) took the Student Developmental Task Inventory, in which differences were found (i.e., educational plans, career plans, and mature relationships with peers). Athletes scored significantly lower than…

Used data from a college classroom to demonstrate the value of taking student learning styles into consideration when designing and revising a course. Learning styles were assessed in 58 students using the Inventory of Learning Processes. Casual path analyses revealed relationships between certain evaluation components and certain learning styles.…

Outlines a conceptual framework, the Reflective Judgement model, which describes predictable differences in the intellectual development of college students. Validation attempts are discussed, and applications leading to sound counseling and educational interventions are suggested. The model is illustrated with an example of a classroom assignment…

Relationships were examined between student achievement (output), teachers' length of tenure, level of fiscal resources, and level of "disadvantagedness" of students. Teachers' length of tenure was found to be a positive and direct predictor of the output, while relationships between student achievement and the other predictors varied.…

Studied factors that might differentially underlie test anxiety and academic performance of college students (N=72). Results revealed that high anxious students differed from low anxious students on traditional cognitive and somatic indicators of text anxiety but not on any measure of study or test-taking skills. (WAS)

Tested the hypothesis that Rorschach measures of object relations and thought organization could help predict later adjustment. Former patients (N=70) at a child residential treatment center were followed up as adults. Object relations measures were found to be effective discriminators and predictors of later rehospitalization for boys. (JAC)

Investigated satisfaction and strain experienced by mature reentry women students (N=141). Questionnaire data showed significant correlates of satisfaction including helpfulness of professors, counseling, and psychological support from children and friends. Significant correlates of strain included dissatisfaction with job and financial aid. The…

Used an inventory of coping behaviors to examine how adolescents (N=41) cope with the stress of relocation. The most helpful techniques were establishing friendships, starting over, experiencing loneliness, and maintaining current functioning. Females seemed to use more coping behaviors successfully than males. Age differences were less…

Examined whether Lawler's formulation for expectancy was a better predictor of the outcomes of an intervention designed to aid career choice than applications of the more global approaches. The career choice class was completed by 120 students. The Lawler model was no better a predictor than other measures. (Author/JAC)

Reports research into the affective responses of 75 University of Iowa undergraduate students to situations varying in achievement outcome, task importance, and effort. Analysis of variance indicates that the affective component score is dependent mainly on the student's perceptions of his/her academic success or failure. (EAO)

Studied the stability of happiness for rural, urban, and institutionalized Canadian older adults (N=600). For urban and institutionalized persons housing satisfaction was the main predictor; for rural individuals, health and marital status remained consistent predictors. Results showed that although predictors differ, happiness remains stable in…

Surveyed 619 college freshmen to determine how many considered themselves to have drinking problems. Results showed males and youngest children in the family had the most problems. Both males and females who had drinking problems reported stressful childhoods, and were twice as likely to have divorced parents. (JAC)