Reinforcement control of toileting behaviors was established in three profoundly retarded institutionalized adults through the use of a totally automatic reinforcement dispenser. The device was found to be reliable, reasonably priced and more accurate than manually or semiautomatically delivered reinforcement. (CL)

Programed training filmstrips from Project LIFE (Language Instruction to Facilitate Education) were used with 114 hearing impaired children and 15 normal hearing language impaired children (4- to 13-years old) to assess the effects of auditory supplementation and a token reinforcement program on language learning and to investigate retention and…

The project at Beaufort County Technical Institute has culminated in the development of an instructional system that provides each student desiring to enter the Electrical Technology curriculum the opportunity to enroll at any time during the year and to work at a pace determined by his own ability, background and motivation. The systems approach…

The definition and uses of interactive instructional designs are presented in this book. Eight examples are given of the variety of designs available to the classroom teacher and a chapter is devoted to each. The chapters describe the usefulness of the particular design, its operation, the design format, and the method for evaluating the outcomes.…

The relationship between physically and psychologically stressful experiences and the anxiety and self concept of 33 male and 11 female participants (aged 16-38 years) in a 23-day Colorado Outward Bound (OB) course was analyzed. It was hypothesized that the effects of the OB experience would: be the same for male and female participants; alter…

Research investigating the performance of students enrolled in courses taught by a Personalized System of Instruction (PSI) has tended to support the claim that PSI is a superior teaching method. The present research study isolated the self-pacing aspect of PSI courses and attempted to teach 13 academically deficient first year college students…

A four-stage model, designed to shape learning disabled students' independent study skills and foster generalization of skills is presented: (1) ease students into a homework routine; (2) focus on time management; (3) teach problem-solving techniques; and (4) conclude in independent study with intermittent parent and teacher monitoring. (CB)

This study investigated whether affective reactions in achievement settings were related to self-esteem. Subjects were 308 undergraduate university students displaying affective reactions to various academic situations portrayed in short stories. Resulting biserial correlations indicate that affective reactions to success and failure were related…

This action research project evaluated a program for improving student discipline and developing a positive classroom environment. The targeted populations consisted of prekindergarten, first-, and fifth-grade students in two middle class suburbs of Chicago (Illinois). Changes in behavior were documented through behavior checklists, parental…

This report provides K-12 educators with instructional strategies that research shows have the greatest likelihood of positively affecting student learning. The 12 chapters include: (1) "Introduction"; (2) "Identifying Similarities and Differences (comparing, classifying, creating metaphors, and creating analogies); (3)…

Noting that the most common problem reported by adults in the early childhood educational setting or in the home is getting children to behave, this booklet presents ideas for teachers and parents to help them plan for changes in behavior. The booklet is divided into three chapters. Chapter 1, "Basics of Good Behavior Guidance," provides…

Invitational education maintains that people respond best when they are invited to feel valuable, able, and responsible, and that teachers can transmit verbal and nonverbal messages that promote positive student reactions. An overview of the concept is presented, and four types of behavior of physical education teachers and their effects are…

Undergraduates rated their affective reactions to hypothetical test performances under four success conditions. Then, in the role of teachers, they administered rewards to hypothetical students under identical conditions. Both positive self-evaluation and teacher praise were greatest when success followed effort. Perceptions of ability also…

Reports on a study that used positive reinforcement on a group of fourth and fifth graders to underscore the contingent relationship between student behavior and environment and thus develop a more internal locus of control. Shows that experimental subjects were significantly more internal than their placebo or control group counterparts following…

Applying the business technique of management by objectives to high school business subjects calls for students to think about and set class goals for themselves, with teacher guidance and encouragement. Difficulties may include the additional time needed for the program and evaluations of different individual objectives. (MF)