A study of differences in the problem-solving skills of Black, Anglo, and Chicano adolescents from rural Texas found that: (1) Reading achievement played a major role in problem-solving; and (2) No significant sex or ethnic differences were revealed. (PP)

The prevalence of alcohol use among students at colleges in New York State was studied, along with sociodemographic characteristics that tend to be associated with heavy or moderate drinking or abstension. The age at which a student took the first drink was the strongest predictor of alcohol consumption. (Authors/PP)

Three types of macro-level variables for program analysis--cultural, economic and demographic--provide a context for evaluation and offer alternative explanations for program success or failure. The problems of causality and availability of data, as well as the usefulness of macro variables in meta evaluation are discussed. (Author/CM)

Multiple regression processes are employed to assess the effect of student age on preclinical medical school achievement in the context of eight other predictor variables. Results indicate that student age fails to contribute to the explanation of preclinical achievement after the influence of the other variables is taken into account. (Author/CM)

A linear regression model was used to test the relationship between the knowledge of Kohlberg's theory and moral stage development. A multiple regression analysis was used to test the multivariate relationship between one dependent and five independent variables. Neither analysis demonstrated a statistically significant relationship. (Author/PN)

A study investigated possible relationships between performance on the National Board of Medical Examiners Part I exam and personality types to identify learning styles that may predict difficulty with that kind of testing. Results show the tests are most difficult for the personality types most easily admitted to medical school. (MSE)

Examined factors influencing depression among 52 single parent, employed women. Found economic and domestic deficits less important predictors of depression than sex-role orientations. Nontraditional sex-role orientations, spending more time at work, receiving help from others, and higher self-esteem were linked to less depression. (Author/JAC)

Predicted divergent thinking and problem-solving performance of elementary school students from teachers' ratings of students' affective/behavioral characteristics, and from intelligence test scores. Found teachers' ratings of sensitivity to beauty, risk taking, awareness of impulses, and humor were the most frequent significant predictors in…

Analyzed primary-group concept, secondary-group concept, self-concept, mainstream self, and self-acceptance in relation to self-reported delinquency among (N=264) White males in urban fringe high schools. Results show dimensions of self were highly interrelated and highly related to attitudes--but explained very little self-reported delinquency.…

Tests a career model of immigrants with the following stages: crystallization, vocational retraining, job entry and trial, establishment, and maintenance. Two samples of immigrants are followed up. The research brought into focus the continuity of the process of career reconstruction after the interruption of vocational activity caused by…

Instruments were developed to measure aspects of self-identity: sex role identity, identification with parents, and personal identity. The instruments were tried out and tested for construct validity. Analysis provided evidence that self-identity is developmental, as indicated by significant differences in personal identity measures among adults,…

Attitudinal and attributional variables relating to the election of mathematics courses by females and males are identified. A small set of variables explaining the variance in female and male mathematical plans was found. These results may help in understanding why larger proportions of males than females elect mathematics. (Author/GK)

Examined the relationship of cognitive and personality variables to achievement in 49 Black junior high school students. Results showed a higher achievement motivation for males. Neither personality nor social reinforcement showed much predictive value. The relationship between achievement motive and academic measures was not significant. (JAC)

The relationship between four characteristics of children entering first grade (cognitive, dental and motor development, and adaptive behavior) and achievement at the end of the first grade year were determined. Interrelationships among the independent variables were also determined. (Author/GK)

Examined the nature and extent of sexual harassment for women (N=439) graduates from a college from 1945-1980. Responses to a questionnaire indicated that less than 40 percent of the participants had experienced behaviors relating to sexual harassment. Suggests response strategies to harassment. (RC)