The construct-related validity of the Tower of London-Drexel (TOL-DX), a measure of executive functioning (W. Culbertson and A. Zillmer, 1995) was studied with 129 children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Results show that the TOL-DX loads prominently on an Executive Planning/Inhibition factor while separating for factors…

Fifty-six preschoolers were placed in a high-active or comparison group based on a preschool rating scale. Individual types of behavior that differentiated between groups and an interaction of group with setting indicated that comparison preschoolers modulated changing activities during play and TV, whereas preschoolers with hyperactivity…

Examines teacher factors in determining school-based treatment-outcome research for students with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Discusses potential teacher factors that might be important to consider in compatibility equations, along with implications of variables for school-based assessment, intervention processes, and future…

Examines the efficacy of an intervention designed to improve classroom behavior of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The intervention trained third-grade students to use self-management and peer-monitoring strategies embedded within a group contingency to decrease inappropriate verbalizations during class times.…

Comments on Joseph's review of the genetics of attention deficit disorder, demonstrating errors of scientific logic and oversight of relevant research in Joseph's argument. Argues for the validity of twin studies in supporting a genetic link for ADHD and for the complementary role of nature and nurture in the etiology of the disorder. (JPB)

Answers the most important criticisms by Faraone and Biederman in their critique of Joseph's analysis of evidence supporting a genetic basis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Argues that possible genetic and environmental influences in ADHD twin studies are confounded, obscuring inferences about genetic factors. (JPB)

Used quantitative electroencephalogram analysis to examine difference in brain wave activity of attention deficit disorders (ADD) with and without hyperactivity while completing a computerized task measuring a variety of constructs associated with attention and impulsivity. Found that although behavioral ratings confirmed differential…

Examined how meanings about the concept of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) were socially constructed within the everyday language use of lay persons. Over 200 language events referencing ADHD, including media sources, were recorded in journals. Results revealed five patterned ways that lay persons appropriated and interpreted…

Adults (N=58) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 29 age-and education-matched controls were evaluated for right hemisphere dysfunction. Findings support the concept of right hemisphere dysfunction in a subset of patients with ADHD, although this subset did not represent a distinct clinical subgroup in terms of medication response,…

Psychological functioning differences in three groups of college students, those with confirmed Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), those with ADHD by self-report only, and those without ADHD, were assessed. Results indicated that the confirmed ADHD group and the self-report group had many similarities in terms of symptomatology.…

To test the relation between sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) and DSM-IV ADHD symptoms, parent and teacher ratings of the 18 DSM-IV ADHD items and five potential SCT items were obtained in a community sample of 8-18 year-old twins that was overselected for ADHD and learning disabilities (n = 296). Confirmatory factor analyses revealed that a…

Objective: Eighteen extended multigenerational families were recruited from the genetically isolated Paisa community in Colombia to conduct genetic studies of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This report describes the inclusion strategy and clinical features of participants to facilitate comparisons with other data sets. Method:…

Objective: To examine (1) moderating effects of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatment response and (2) responses of ODD symptoms to atomoxetine. Method: Children and adolescents (ages 8-18) with ADHD were treated for approximately 8 weeks with placebo or atomoxetine (fixed dosing: 0.5,…

We conducted a brief computer-based assessment involving choices of concurrently presented arithmetic problems associated with competing reinforcer dimensions to assess impulsivity (choices controlled primarily by reinforcer immediacy) as well as the relative influence of other dimensions (reinforcer rate, quality, and response effort), with 58…

Objective: This study was designed to clarify whether poor performance of children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on motor timing tasks reflects a true deficit in the temporal organization of motor output or is due to a lack of intrinsic motivation. Method: Eighteen children with ADHD (age 8-12) were compared with 18 age- and…