Objective: To examine the Strengths and Weaknesses of ADHD--Symptoms and Normal Behavior scale (SWAN) clinical utility as a diagnostic measure of ADHD in an ADHD clinic sample. Method: In a sample of 357 children (6-11 years old) referred for evaluation at an academic medical center, we explored the SWAN's diagnostic and convergent validity with…

Urine-detecting alarms are prevalent in toilet training intervention research and clinical practice for individuals with intellectual and developmental disabilities, but the effects of urine alarms remain unclear. Urine alarms may function as punishing or reinforcing contingencies, or may merely alert trainers to accidents and improve treatment…

This article offers implementation tips for early childhood educators who wish to provide supplemental, small-group, emergent literacy instruction to preschool children in the early childhood classroom. Authors illustrate the value of small-group instruction for children in advance of kindergarten and provide suggestions for how teachers may…

As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, public life in many countries ground to a halt in early 2020. The aims of this study were (i) to uncover the language practices of multilingual families during the pandemic, in general and especially regarding homeschooling; and (ii) to determine to what extent the changes in circumstance caused by the…

Gesture recognition can create an interactive environment in which to train children to control their thoughts, gestures, and body postures when performing learning activities. This study integrated gesture recognition and a memory strategy to develop a physical learning activity for preschoolers to improve their English learning performance,…

Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience stress, potentially affecting parenting and child outcomes. The roles of psychological flexibility and parental reflective functioning in coping strategies of parents of children with ASD are not fully understood. The study aims to examine differences in psychological flexibility,…

Background: Childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) is a complex motor speech disorder that requires careful differential diagnosis, particularly in languages where validated diagnostic tools are lacking. The Dynamic Evaluation of Motor Speech Skill (DEMSS) is a widely used tool for identifying CAS, but a Turkish version had not yet been developed.…

Individual differences in working memory (WM) influence reading skills. We aim to identify how different domains of WM explain reading performance, and how this association changes with age and reading expertise. Hungarian children from first to sixth grade took part in our study. The decoding skills of all children were assessed with 1-min word…

Background/Context: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted family life in myriad ways, including increasing family stress and reducing access to early care and education experiences. Such factors suggest that children's early learning and development may have been negatively impacted, which would have long-term implications for necessary school support.…

In uncertain situations, individuals rely on prior experiences of successes and failures to guide future decisions. Research has shown that children exposed to early adversity, such as abuse, can exhibit atypical behaviours in probabilistic learning tasks compared to peers without such experiences, which may have long-term behavioural…

The family unit exerts a crucial influence on early childhood development across all domains: physical, cognitive, and emotional and social. Prior research consistently underscores the significant role of parental involvement in shaping early childhood developmental trajectories. However, in numerous countries, particularly within developing…

This study aims to conduct a comparative analysis of the role of children's media in the construction of cultural and economic identity through two characters: "Caillou," a Canadian production, and "Nasreddin Hoca Zaman Yolcusu," a Turkish production. Based on the premise that media serves not only as a source of entertainment…

The decreasing age at which Taiwanese children begin learning English suggests that Taiwanese society endorses the Critical Period Hypothesis (CPH) and believes that children should learn English as early as possible to ensure their academic or professional success. Consequently, many parents enroll their children in private English language…

Kindergarten readiness plays a very important role in children's later school success. This study investigated factors associated with kindergarten readiness in early literacy skills, mathematical knowledge, and social foundations using a hierarchical linear modelling (HLM) approach. Assessment data of 617 kindergarteners (Aged 5) in 30 classrooms…

The effect of public pre-kindergarten (pre-K) on the short-term outcomes of children from disadvantaged backgrounds is well established; however, the mechanisms for this effect are not well understood. Of the many factors that influence how pre-K participants progress during and after kindergarten, one understudied factor is the effect of pre-K…