Evaluated independence of organizational, career, and community commitment among 118 married professional women and examined influence of extra-work variables on the three commitment types. Findings suggest that organizational, career, and community commitment are independent variables; and that extra-work factors strongly influence career…

Compared intimacy in first-married and remarried couples. Data gathered from 33 first-married and 33 remarried couples with the Waring Intimacy Questionnaire revealed no significant differences on total intimacy scores and seven subscale scores. Only conflict resolution was significantly lower among the remarrieds. (Author)

Analyzed data from 2 percent sample of couples who filed for divorce/dissolution in California in six years from 1966 through 1971, to examine the relationship between wife's employment status and marital duration to separation. Results showed housewives were likely to be married longer before separation than were employed wives, except when they…

Examined from a social exchange perspective, the interaction between several indicators of relational interdependence and relational commitment in married individuals. Results indicated that a high level of interdependence positively covaried with commitment. Perceived equity in the distribution of outcomes accounted for the largest percentage of…

The participation by farm women in on-farm and off-farm work is estimated and the effects of female earnings on farm family income are measured. It is shown that farm women make significant contributions to income and help manage income instability. (Author/CH)

Responses of 218 urban husbands and wives and 202 rural husbands and wives were used to test the hypotheses that these two populations would use different coping strategies to deal with the stressors they faced in their different environments and that women would use different strategies than men. Neither hypothesis was supported. (Author/BL)

Two examples of a letter (linear and paradoxical) used to engage nonattending spouses for marital therapy are featured as well as recommendations for research. Engagement rates, using the linear and paradoxical letters are compared. (Author/BL)

Examined the effect of wives' employment on the mental health of husbands. Findings reveal that wives' employment has negative effects on husbands' job and life satisfaction. These results suggest that the overall negative mental health effect may derive, in part, from the occupational domain. (Author/BL)

Investigated reactions of others to the surviving spouse of an individual who commits suicide. Results indicated (compared to those spouses of accident and leukemia victims) that the spouse of a suicide was viewed as being more to blame for the death, as having had a greater chance of preventing the death, and as being more ashamed of the death.…

Presents a structured enrichment workshop designed to facilitate marital intimacy, featuring three modules: (1) self-hood and differentiation; (2) communication of emotions; and (3) negotiation. Theoretical bases of each module are outlined, with special attention given to the role of sharing of hurt feelings as a primary dimension of intimacy.…

Investigated effects of cognitive restructuring efforts to modify unrealistic beliefs of marital partners in 17 couples. Treatment program sought to impact proactively upon positive therapeutic expectations and relationship goals and enhanced base level of marital satisfaction. On all outcome measures, treatment group (N=9 couples) showed…

A random sample of all divorce cases in California in 1977 provides the database for this study of variations in marital duration. The hypotheses that marital duration in a divorcing population has a positive relationship to age at marriage and degree of formal education are not supported. (Author/BL)

Age differences between spouses over time are investigated using census data from 1900, 1960, and 1980. Results indicated a shift has occurred from marriages being characterized by age heterogamy in 1900 to age homogamy in 1960 and 1980. Husband-younger and/or husband-older marriages tended to be characterized by lower socioeconomic attributes.…

Suggests not an exclusive focus on emotion in couples therapy, but rather, the inclusion of emotion into an integrative approach which involves affect, cognition, and behavior in a systemic framework. Affect has too long been neglected both as an agent of therapeutic change and as a direct target of change. (Author/ABL)

Studied relationships among pain, depression, marital satisfaction, and spouse supportiveness in 30 male, chronic pain patients and their wives. Over one-half of the patients and spouses reported significant depression and marital dissatisfaction. The correlations between depression and spouse support suggest a multidimensional,…