Shaffer and Hall (1997) have estimated college student gambling to be three times as high as their adult counterparts. Despite a considerable amount of research on gambling, researchers have struggled to develop a universal theory that explains gambling behavior. This study explored the potential of Ajzen and Fishbein's (1980) Theory of Reasoned…

Although many articles have addressed the relationship of neuroscience and education at a theoretical level, none has considered as a practical matter how one integrates neuroscientific data into a behavioral theory that uses hypothetical constructs. We describe 4 techniques by which researchers may do so: (a) direct observation of hypothetical…

A theory is presented that attempts to answer two questions. What visual contents can an observer consciously access at one moment? Answer: only one feature value (e.g., green) per dimension, but those feature values can be associated (as a group) with multiple spatially precise locations (comprising a single labeled Boolean map). How can an…

Serious video games for health are designed to entertain players while attempting to modify some aspect of their health behavior. Behavior is a complex process influenced by multiple factors, often making it difficult to change. Behavioral science provides insight into factors that influence specific actions that can be used to guide key game…

Behavior analysts are having their professional identities challenged by the roles that cognition and biology are said to play in the conduct and outcome of applied behavior analysis and behavior therapy. For cogniphiliacs, cognition and biology are central to their interventions because cognition and biology are said to reflect various processes,…

Understanding motivation is central to effective use of human resources. Cognitive and noncognitive theories have been developed to explain motivation. Cognitive theorists, including Maslow, argue that a person's behavior can be predicted when that person's internal needs, values, and feelings are understood. Noncognitive theorists consider…

This group of articles discusses various aspects of Gestalt Therapy including its major contributions, role in psychotherapy, and contributions of Gestalt psychology in general. There is some discussion of the philosophical background of Gestalt therapy along with Gestalt theory of emotion. A case study and an annotated bibliography are included…

Article provides a discussion of failures by a successful psychologist. By communication of these failures, the author hopes to prevent others from experiencing such failures. (Author/EK)

This study showed that there is a positive value attributed to therapist disclosure, reducing interpersonal distance and risk, and providing a model for productive behavior. The subjects were found to talk longer and achieve higher levels of self exploration in the modeling conditions. (EK)

Expression in its various forms is a central concern of humanistic education. Buchler wrote that whether an expression has revelatory or substantive significance depends on the context and situation. It is now thought that expressive acts may have revelatory, substantive, or a combined significance. (Author/BJG)

Adapted in part from the senior author's MA thesis (University of Illinois, 1966) and presented in part at the Annual Meetings of the Midwestern Psychological Association, May 1967.

Fundamental assumptions regarding the nature of personality are discussed in relation to the various approaches or theories of personality assessment. These approaches are the Dispositional and the Specificity Theory. The Dispositional Approach is discussed as to assumptions and the empirical status of the assumptions. Some implications of…

Behavioral humanism is defined as the synthesis of behavioral techniques with humanistic goals. Contemporary humanism, especially humanistic psychology, offers directions for the kind of behavior that individuals should be able to engage in; contemporary behaviorism offers principles and procedures to help individuals increase their humanistic…

The fates of phrenology and evolutionary theory in the 19th Century are studied in order to assess the current status of sociobiology and predict its future. (Author/AM)

Presents illustrations of learning difficulties typical of placed children. The first section outlines Kohut's theory of narcissism and its implications for an understanding of placed children, with special reference to conflicts in school. The second focuses on characteristics of impulse-ridden children, and the third discusses some common…