Objective: To provide an in-depth examination of whether pragmatic, expressive, receptive, and narrative language are associated with the social and academic functioning of children with ADHD. Method: Children with ADHD (n = 46) and neurotypical comparison (NC) children (n = 40) aged 7 to 11 years completed tasks measuring expressive, receptive,…

Objective: Although ADHD is highly heritable, some environmental factors contribute to its development. Given the growing evidence that gut microbiota was involved in psychiatric disorders, we aimed to identify the characteristic composition of the gut microbiota in ADHD. Methods: We recruited 47 medication-naive children and adolescents with…

Objective: The study involved 17 children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), 21 with ADHD, 30 with both (ASD + ADHD), and 28 typically developing children (TD). Methods: The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) was measured as a regional brain function index. Intrinsic functional connectivity (iFC) was also analyzed using the region of…

Objective: To review the existing literature on transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) treatment effects on Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), in search for an effective treatment of a symptom cluster identified largely by contributions from late Dr. Biederman who asserted that they frequently present with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder…

Although many students struggle to comprehend text, some populations of students are particularly impacted. Students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), for example, perform lower on working memory measures, which can make reading comprehension even more difficult (Gropper & Tannock, 2009). Inattention, specifically, appears…

Purpose: The co-occurrence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is significant and associated with a host of negative outcomes. Studies investigating social functioning in the presence of the ASD/ADHD co-occurrence have produced mixed findings. The present study further evaluated the impact of…

Objective: ADHD is a prevalent neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity. Impairments in executive functioning (EF) are central to models of ADHD, while alpha-band spectral power event-related decreases (ERD) have emerged as a putative electroencephalography (EEG) biomarker of EF in ADHD.…

The purpose of this qualitative descriptive study was to explore how elementary school teachers describe their experiences from the professional development training that provide professional development trainings related to ADHD students and how they implement what they have learned in their classrooms in the United States. The theoretical…

Provided the significant overlap in features of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), there is a critical need to identify transdiagnostic markers that could meaningfully stratify subgroups. The objective of this study was to compare the visual evoked potential (VEP) between 30 autistic children, 17…

Objective: Growing evidence suggests digital interventions may provide neurocognitive benefits for children with ADHD. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of a digital attention intervention in children with ADHD. Method: In this double-blind randomized controlled trial 55 children with ADHD (5-9 years) were allocated to the intervention…

Objective: In recent years, it has been emphasized that various growth factors that affect neurogenesis may lead to ADHD. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1[alpha] growth factors in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD. Method: Levels of VEGF, IGF-1, and HIF-1[alpha] were compared between 40 ADHD children and 40…

This study examines the cost effectiveness of two interventions for disruptive behavior problems: First Step Next (FSN), a school-based intervention, and a multicomponent intervention that combined FSN with a home-based intervention, homeBase (hB). Analyses were based on findings from a large-scale comparative efficacy trial in the United States…

Early identification and intervention are recognised as important elements of the clinical pathway for autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Children with ASD and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be diagnosed at a different age than children who only have one of these diagnoses. This systematic review aimed to identify the age at…

Objective: The study aimed to investigate whether the fine motor skills measured by the Functional Dexterity Test (FDT) in ADHD children differ from healthy controls. The second aim was to assess the applicability of the FDT assessment method among ADHD children. Method: The FDT results as an objective assessment of hand skills were compared…

In this scoping review on 34 studies, we examined the use of immersive virtual reality (IVR) in neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD). IVR was mostly used in connection with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) for assessment of and intervention in social skills, and in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for assessment of executive…