Reviews the "Horowitz" case and offers a version of the traditional due process formula that would emphasize the fundamental nature of the claim to procedural due process when significant interests are adversely affected by government action. Available from University of Iowa College of Law, Iowa City, IA 52242. (Author/IRT)

The result of court litigation on the expulsion of a medical student is questioned, and a modified version of the traditional due process test is recommended. The test would be for "substantial deprivation of a significant interest." Available from State University of Iowa, College of Law, Iowa City, IA 52240. (MSE)

Discusses the negative aspects of suspension from school, especially its disproportionate impact on non-White students, and surveys some of the most commonly employed alternatives to suspension. (ST)

Recent court cases are cited that indicate courts are now beginning to require that students be informed of academic (including clinical) deficiencies and be provided the opportunity to correct the problem. When the dismissal is for disciplinary rather than academic reasons, more procedural due process is required. (Author/MLW)

The Supreme Court ruled in Board of Curators vs Horowitz that no process is due when a student is dismissed for academic reasons. The distinction between academic and disciplinary reasons may not be clear and may not minimize governmental intrusion into educational decisions. (BH)

Consideration is given to the extent to which the Supreme Court's decision in Goss v. Lopez opens the door to procedural requirements for historically discretionary in-school decisions by the boards, administrators, and teachers in public elementary and secondary schools. (LBH)

The paper addresses the view that many of the secondary students suspended or excluded from school for disruptive behavior may be socially/emotionally handicapped. The legal and service delivery implications of this position are discussed within the context of current Australian special education policy. (DB)

Several exclusionary discipline practices used with handicapped learners are described. A survey of 253 principals identified the variability of disciplinary practices, as a function of geographic region, community size, principal's sex and years of experience, grade level, differential rules for handicapped and nonhandicapped students, and types…

College administrators who suspend or dismiss students who do not meet the institution's minimum academic performance standards must identify and develop sound reinstatement policies based on clearly defined criteria which measure an individual's ability to succeed. Such policies are necessary to allow potential graduates to complete their studies…

A review of the literature on special education and school discipline in light of the 1997 Amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act finds little evidence to support student suspension and expulsion. Support is offered for a unified system of discipline that preserves both a free and appropriate public education and a safe…

This article addresses the substantial changes that Congress made in the 1997 amendments to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act concerning discipline of students with disabilities. It analyzes both the procedural and substantive requirements related to suspending students, expelling students, and conducting functional behavioral…

Recent studies have produced conflicting findings about whether test-based rewards and sanctions create incentives that improve student performance, or hurdles that increase dropout and pushout rates from schools. This article reports the findings from a study that examined the impact of England's accountability reforms and investigated whether…

The overrepresentation of ethnic minority students, particularly African American males, in the exclusionary discipline consequences of suspension and expulsion has been consistently documented during the past three decades. Children of poverty and those with academic problems are also overrepresented in such discipline consequences. Sadly, a…

A 1995 Kansas State Board of Education (KSBE) report investigated violence among students and the frequency of and basis for suspensions and expulsions among the state's student population. This paper presents findings of a study that examined educational stakeholders' perceptions of school suspension, expulsion, and violence in Kansas schools.…

Discipline in the nation's schools has become a pressing problem. The widespread use of punitive disciplinary methods, including probation, suspension, and expulsion, can estrange students from schools, negatively "label" affected students, and burden communities with unsupervised youths. Rehabilitative forms of discipline for students…