Most weight loss among wrestlers is accomplished by a combination of fasting, induced sweating, and reduced fluid intake resulting in dehydration in the final days prior to competition. The effects of acute thermal dehydration on cardiovascular dynamics are related to a reduction in plasma volume. (JN)

Argues for the role of good nutrition in reducing student behavior problems and offers suggestions on what educators can do to improve the eating habits of students. (IRT)

Because high blood pressure is generally asymptomatic, it is difficult to inspire patients to adhere to proper treatment regimens. Case studies of nine patients, mostly Black, showed that compliance problems can be overcome if people are impressed with the idea that hypertension is a disease and not merely a symptom. (Author/GC)

Responses from 94 men and 116 women aged 35-55 revealed that only 18% were aware of dietary recommendations and only 23% correctly estimated their daily fat intake. Those with a history of heart disease or previous nutrition counseling were more likely to have low fat intake. A focus on eating behavior rather than fat intake recommendations was…

Assessed the dieting frequency and nutritional patterns of college females in allied health and health science at a large urban university. Data from the Black Health and Habits History Questionnaire and measures of body mass index indicated that 73 percent of the respondents had dieted at least one time, though 61 percent were at normal weight.…

Parents of 27 preschoolers completed pretests and 14 completed posttests assessing nutrition knowledge, food purchases, and children's food intake. Children who received snacks and soybean-related instruction found both soy and nonsoy snacks acceptable, compared to those who did not receive instruction. Home eating habits did not change. (SK)

Explains the use of ethical scenarios in a college-level nutrition course and other science courses. Defines how to choose ethical scenarios. Integrates a writing assignment into the course according to the Manoa Writing Program. Makes suggestions for the integration of ethics into the science curriculum. (Contains 32 references.) (YDS)

A study of 20 mothers and their adolescent daughters found that both groups distinguished between going on a diet and watching eating habits. Dieting/watching patterns varied in content, duration, and intent. Daughters' modeling of mothers' behavior varied depending on degree of identification with mothers or mothers' verbal reinforcement.…

The dietary patterns and nutrition education needs of 472 Illinois adults over 64 were identified. Many were at nutritional risk, having high cholesterol, overall poor diet, and low intake of fruits, vegetables, and dairy products. The project was a collaboration between Cooperative Extension and the Illinois Department of Public Health. (SK)

A British survey of dietary awareness and food preferences received 7,825 replies from 9,600 children in years 7 and 10. Although aware of the link between fat consumption and heart disease, many lacked knowledge about the fat content of foods and ways to make healthy lifestyle choices. (SK)

Discusses what parents can do to ensure their children's healthy eating, examining whether students are eating school lunches or junk food in the cafeteria; discussing junk food temptations outside of school; noting rising soda consumption rates; and presenting advice for healthy eating (e.g., include children in meal planning and preparation and…

Examined the impact of lifestyle on the effectiveness of a low-intensity dietary intervention. Analysis of data from the Eating Patterns Study indicated that people who practiced certain combinations of health behaviors responded differently to the low-intensity dietary intervention. People with high-risk behaviors were the least successful in…

This study examined packing (pocketing or holding accepted food in the mouth) in 3 children who were failing to thrive or had inadequate weight gain due to insufficient caloric intake. The results of an analysis of texture indicated that total grams consumed were higher when lower textured foods were presented than when higher textured foods were…

The purpose was to investigate the degree of implementation and appreciation of a comprehensive school-randomized fruit and vegetable intervention program and to what extent these factors were associated with changes in reported fruit and vegetable intake. The study was conducted among 10- to 13-year old children exposed to the intervention during…

We review the literature on the prevalence and conditions resulting in overweight and obesity in people with intellectual disability (ID), followed by obesity treatment research with typically developing children and adaptations for children with ID. In addition to proposing directions for future research and practice, we report a comprehensive…