An intervention package of task clarification, checklists, and posted performance feedback was developed to increase completion of tasks contributing to the appearance of a local grocery store. The package was based on an informal diagnostic assessment that examined antecedents, equipment and processes, knowledge and skills, and consequences in…

The relationship between social responsibility, ethics, and performance improvement has not been seriously or rigorously addressed in related literature or in professional dialogue. Examining the issue of social responsibility as an ethical imperative within performance improvement as a profession demands an understanding and rigorous examination…

Applies H.J. Eysenck's theoretical perspective on the development of anxiety to explain audience perceptions of public speakers--specifically the effects of social conditioning, particularly punishment, and the relative conditionability of an individual's nervous system combine to predict behavioral responses to state anxiety. Finds that…

Examined relations between behavior, intentions, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, and past behaviors using the Theories of Reasoned Action (TRA) and Planned Behavior (TPB) in physical activity. This quantitative integration of the physical activity literature supported the major relationships of the…

Tested hypothesis that interest congruence is more closely linked with job satisfaction for workers with clearly defined interests as opposed to workers with poorly defined interests. Results implied that congruence is a moderately efficient predictor of satisfaction when between-occupation sources of variance are excluded by research design.…

Suggests using social network theory to explain varieties of mourning behavior in different societies. Compares participation in funeral ceremonies of members of different social circles in American society and Israeli kibbutz. Concludes that results demonstrated validity of concepts deriving from social network analysis in study of bereavement,…

Proposes an operational definition of aspiration as any goal toward which an individual invests time, effort, or money; this definition focuses on the dynamics of personal choice, retains the field theory perspective of previous research, suggests new ways of quantifying aspiration levels, and permits comparisons of previously incommensurable…

Reviews research on relationship between cognitive schemas and vocational behavior following from Kelly's (1955) personal construct psychology. Focuses particular attention on traditional study of vocational differentiation and integration as well as more recent efforts to combine these two variables into a structural model of vocational…

Compares interpersonal valence and organizational climate. Argues that measures of interpersonal valence can serve as useful input to organizational climate and organization development research. Maintains that a convergence of the concepts offers rich opportunity for improving understanding of quality of life and that metric-multidimensional…

Conditions associated with the maintenance of hand mouthing were studied in 3 experiments with 12 adults with profound mental retardation. Functional analysis of hand mouthing, reinforcers, and preference for hand-toy versus mouth-toy contact were assessed. Hand stimulation was the predominant reinforcer for all participants. (SW)

Describes an approach to teaching interpersonal relations, based on the Social Style of Behavior Model, that provides students with practical and usable skills. The course is designed to allow a greater amount of in-class skills practice than most traditional university courses provide. (Author)

Discounts the belief in adolescents' irrational behavior, and proposes a rational choice decision-making theory of adolescent risk-taking behavior. Suggests that social ecology affects risk-taking choices. Proposals for AIDS education concern delayed initiation of sexual activity, promotion of condom use, and counseling of high-risk adolescents.…

Study of 436 adults showed that job and occupational change were not significantly related to person-work environment fit or job satisfaction at intake. At ywo-year follow-up, those who changed jobs/occupations were significantly more satisfied than nonchangers. (SK)

Discusses several theories of play advanced before the development of psychoanalysis, including the theories of surplus energy, recreation, and practice. Examines the psychoanalytical view advanced by Freud and others, which focuses on the emotional release of play and its role in discovery and learning. (MDM)

An analysis of 12 structured clinical interviews with lesbians ranging in age from 22 to 46 reveals limited support for Cass' stage theory. Implications for theory development, counseling, and counselor training, are presented, along with suggestions for future research. (Author/JDM)