The research reported in this paper attempted to determine what constitutes superior teaching, and what manipulable extrinsic incentives exist in education to motivate teachers to become superior teachers. The project additionally tried to determine the degree of consensus among teachers and administrators on these issues. Finally, equity, or…

A study was conducted at the University of Maryland to determine how consistently students perform on examinations in a given class and whether it is possible to alter this relationship through the introduction of an intervening variable, such as a reinforcing and encouraging letter from the instructor. Letter grades and test scores were obtained…

Information is presented on attitudes of students enrolling for the first time at the University of New South Wales in 1975. Attitudes toward higher education, anticipated difficulties in making the transition from high school to university, and ideas about the likely demands and rewards of advanced study were surveyed, using a forced-choice…

The relationship between teachers' expectations of students' communicative competence in the classroom and certain aspects of teachers' language during interaction with students was investigated in a study involving 55 nursery school and primary school children and their seven female teachers. The teacher expectation model used in the study…

This paper reports on a study which measured labor market experience and its possible effects on workers' psychological expectancies. Past efforts that employed black and white men and women had made to improve their market situations are described, as well as attributions they gave for their experiences. Work or educational changes attempted by…

This small study provides information on the numbers of doctorates in philosophy, history and English literature that universities in Alaska, Arizona, California, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington and Wyoming expect to award between 1980 and 1982. A brief survey form was mailed to the heads of…

A comparison of the educational and occupational aspirations and expectations of 900 seniors in four Chicago high schools showed that college prep students had the highest educational and occupational aspirations and expectations. Vocational students had the greatest discrepancy between occupational aspirations and expectations, while general…

The effects of adolescent parenthood upon certain outcome measures reflecting changes in aspirations, attitudes, and well-being were investigated using data from the National Longitudinal Study of High School Class of 1972. Analyses were computed for expected educational attainment; self-esteem; locus of control; orientation toward work, family,…

The accurate evaluation of consultation is a difficult problem because outcomes can vary according to the perspective and expectations of the respondent. A comparison of several measures for evaluating program-oriented consultations in 39 community mental health centers was based on the following outcome criteria: (1) implementation of consultant…

The ability to estimate a student's chances of dropping out should be of value to advisors counseling entering freshman. Students who had been college freshmen in the fall of 1978 and who did not enroll for the fall of 1979 (N=111), and a random sample of students (N=509) continuing their education in the fall of 1979 completed questionnaires…

Two essays are presented, "The Changing Shape of Work: Psychosocial Trends in America," by Rosabeth Moss Kanter, and "Lives in Transition," by Ellen Goodman. In the first, several trends outlined include increasing participation of women and youths in the labor force, an increase in non-nuclear families, better jobs available to blacks combined…

A 16-item Q-sort evaluation of teaching was administered to 2,784 graduate and undergraduate students in education at a state university. Four subscales based on Spady's (1974) teacher competencies model, subject expertise, pedagogical expertise, stimulation and empathy were obtained from two pilot studies. Test-retest reliability and construct…

A statement of contrasting approaches to teaching and learning are presented in a two-column format, under the headings of philosophy, content, and procedures of teaching. Typical assumptions implicitly made by teachers and undergraduate students in large public universities are contrasted with a less directive, facilitating mode of helping…

After nearly 14 years of non-Indian administration, Laguna Elementary School (LES) has acquired a principal and a teacher supervisor who are not merely Indian, but of the Laguna Tribe itself, making LES the only school in the Southern Pueblos Agency with Tribal members as administrators. At first glance the situation is ideal, but there are…

Although research suggests that men and women are perceived as differing significantly on a number of traits or characteristics, little research relates these traits to observable behaviors. The trait-characteristic issue, when carried over to employment, serves to justify discrimination against women. Research on attribution theory also supports…