This book presents a system by which feedback might be generated and used as a basis for organizational change. The major areas covered consist of the development of a rationale for the use of simulation in the selection of supervisors, a description of actual techniques, and a method for training individuals in the use of the material. The…

Levels of educational and occupational aspiration and expectation of 139 male and female, rural, New Mexican, American Indian youth (sophomores and seniors) were examined. Utilizing questionnaires and fixed-choice stimulus questions, data were gathered to determine: educational and occupational aspirations and expectations; goal deflections for…

Student development is seen as a set of variables that can be used by a college to assess its social contribution to the region, state, or community in which it resides. In doing so, it is important to consider student characteristics upon admission. A total of 1,927 student records from three colleges and universities were combined to study…

Examines research evidence on the possible influence of student characteristics on teacher attitudes/behavior and influence of teacher classroom behavior on attitudes, aspirations, and achievements of students. Evidence drawn from small-scale observational studies, large-scale surveys, and laboratory experiments is discussed, and some implications…

It is the peculiar genius of the United States that everyone bears some responsibility for higher education: parents, students, state and federal governments, alumni, business, and philanthropists. In deciding each partner's share of the cost, it must be remembered that what one partner saves must be paid by someone else. (Author/MSE)

The possible sources of preservice teachers' unrealistic job expectations (that they will encounter few difficulties) were studied. By applying ideas developed in a study of "unrealistic optimism," a framework for such an analysis is given and the findings of an initial study of 118 students are reported. (JL)

Contains a research based discussion of the importance of teacher expectations. Lists 20 suggestions from research that will help facilitate positive and realistic self-concepts in students. (PK)

A systematic examination of the desired outcome of discipline is important before developing a discipline structure. Discipline goals should be based on: (1) appropriate developmental expectation; (2) societal expectations of the individual; and (3) a mechanism for helping youngsters formulate goals for their own behavior management. (JDD)

Examines the influence of intraparty political debates during the 1984 presidential campaign. Indicates significant influence on undergraduate college students' attitudes about candidates and their interest in the campaign. Demonstrates that candidate violations of expectations provide a useful theoretical explanation for significant shifts in…

The way to educate poor children effectively lies in the fusion of school social work and knowledge about effective schools. The following factors should be of concern to social workers: (1) parent involvement; (2) student welfare; (3) administrative leadership; (4) academic focus; (5) consistent monitoring of student progress; (6) high…

Technical high school students in Japan were given a test of consumer mathematics and items from the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP). Expectations of students' scores were predicted by their teachers and by corporate employers. Scores were quite high and were higher than comparative NAEP data. (GDC)

Filmed 30 infants monthly between one and seven months of age where mothers or unfamiliar women responded to their cries by picking up or talking to the infants. Results suggest that infants develop conditioned associations among distress-relief patterns by one month, and cognitive expectations by four or five months. (Author/BB)

Techniques enabling faculty to decrease stress to more reasonable and productive levels are discussed, including management of chemical stressors, physical activities, relaxation, coping strategies for disappointment, emotional support, assertiveness, and time management. (MSE)

This article advances an attributional theory of motivation and emotion, with achievement strivings as the theoretical focus. Causes of success and failure share three common properties: locus, stability, and controllability. Stability of causes influences changes in expectancy of success. Expectancy and affect guide motivated behavior.…

A model identifying 10 domains of institutional effectiveness for students is tested in relationship to student characteristics. Implications for bringing student expectations in line with institutional performance are examined. (MSE)