A reanalysis of first-year longitudinal data suggests that infants' reactions to a stranger up through the middle of the first year are attributed to a wariness of the unfamiliar while by 9 months, learned aversions which have their roots in prior disturbing experiences may become an important additional determinant. (Author/JMB)

Presented is a conceptualization of risk recreation based upon stress-producing outdoor pursuits requiring a participant response to chosen landscape challenges. Emphasis is less upon risk and more upon response to graded stress situations. (MJB)

Sociobiology, although in its formative stage, is the most promising paradigm for bridging the gap between biology and the social sciences. (Author/AM)

The major thesis of this research is that there are two types of processes underlying verbal performance. First, there are processes based on knowledge. Second, verbal performance requires the exercise of certain information-free, mechanistic processes, i.e., those that are conducted on the physical representation of a symbol (including whatever…

Examines certain theoretical explanations of attention disorders in chronic nonparanoid schizophrenics that have been presented by several authors in the context of interference theory. Attempts to clarify divergencies in their theoretical assumptions by replicating and extending their research findings. (Author/RK)

Describes ways in which sociobiology can throw some light on the study of ethics, including recognition of the fact that human behavior, culture, and ethics do not exist in a biological vacuum. Topics discussed are sociobiology as ideology, culture and genes, and enlightened self interest. For journal availability, see SO 505 653. (Author/DB)

Assessed attributional style of psychoanalysts, behavior therapists, and nontherapists. Results indicated that the clinical task of generating explanations for problematic behavior appeared to be handled differently by psychoanalysts and behavior therapists. Selection of a therapist may be an important factor in determining inferred etiology and…

The article discusses the applied and clinical importance of the relationship between verbalizations and relevant behavior (i.e., between what people say and what they do). The analysis of verbal regulation in correspondence training has the theoretical complexity and sufficiency of the operant analysis of antecedents, behaviors, and consequences.…

Responds to Brown's critique of author's (Holland) theory of vocational choice. Discusses validation of theories in general and the validation of this theory in particular. Discusses common complaints about and current status of this theory. Evaluates and responds to Brown's advice. Speculates about future of career theory. (ABL)

The first of a three-part series, this article begins by examining and questioning the assumptions behind early childhood education. Discusses the question of whether day care is a profession or a job. Proposes a theoretical framework for child development work. (DR)

This article looks at the brain as it is used in learning, considers how a better understanding of the brain can be used in education, and discusses the emerging role of the neuroeducator, a person able to understand the concepts of both brain function and good teaching. (MT)

An important goal of teacher education is that teachers should attain a good understanding of the theories and methods that have evolved in the study of human development. The Berkeley Developmental Teacher Education Program is described both as a vehicle of teacher education and as a vehicle of research. (MT)

Selected behavioral change theories, multiple theory models, and teaching models that may be useful to research studies in health education are examined in this article. A brief outline of applications of theory for the field of school health education is offered. (Author/DF)

In order to test two alternative explanations, 10 depressed and 16 nondepressed female undergraduate students participated in a social interaction task. The depressed subjects did not exhibit either a social skills deficit or a negative bias in their self-evaluaton of social skill. Results have implications for cognitive and behavioral theories of…

Criticizes conceptual underpinnings of a 1970 study by Schwartz and Stryker. Proposes a framework more sensitive to interconnections between social structure and self-image and argues for a dimension of openness (to the impact of new relationships and experiences) that speaks to the modifiability of self-images. (CMG)