This study used data from the Australian Temperament Project to examine how child temperament characteristics and the "fit" between parent and child from early in life might influence social competence when children were 11 and 12 years old. Findings indicated that problematic child functioning, poor fit, or both, had negative…

Examined cognitive competencies and motivation in economically advantaged and disadvantaged preschoolers and kindergartners over a two-year period. Found that disadvantaged children had poorer cognitive scores than advantaged children. Cognitive gains were equal after one or two years in school, with socioeconomic status (SES) differences…

Presents a dialog on student teacher supervision between university supervisors from the U.S. and Wales. After describing an observation of and conference with a Welsh elementary student teacher, the dialog discusses the supervisors' observations and their expectations for student teachers, and analyzes the effects of the cross-cultural…

Used social-cognitive framework to identify teacher and program characteristics supporting student-perceived competence and intrinsic motivation in two junior high classes. Found that student beliefs were related to choices provided in academic activities, the type of behavior management techniques used, teachers' beliefs regarding reasons for low…

Surveys of 158 West Virginia Governor's Honors Academy (GHA) students and 644 seniors in rural West Virginia high schools suggest that, compared to the latter, GHA students are less alienated; are not more eager to leave their community; exhibit stronger modern dispositions, but not weaker rustic dispositions; and are equally satisfied with their…

Examined the student normative support for Chickering and Gamson's (1987) seven principles of good undergraduate education. Findings from surveys of undergraduate college students indicated that there was empirical evidence of student support for three of the seven principles: faculty-student contact, cooperation among students, and high…

Describes the success of the Escalante Math Program in East Los Angeles in teaching mathematics to poor minority students. Fundamental principles of the program include the following: (1) accountability; (2) hard work; (3) demand; (4) love; (5) parental involvement; (6) respect and values; (7) nutrition; and (8) drug use prevention. Discusses…

A model of personal and environmental influences on students' valuing of two deep-processing strategies for studying expository texts is described. Questionnaire data from 281 high school science students indicated that students' task orientation and perceptions about teacher expectations were central to students' attitudes. (TJH)

A case-study methodology is used to explore the pedagogical content knowledge of three beginning secondary-school English teachers, all of whom entered teaching with strong literature backgrounds and no teacher education coursework. (IAH)

Considers ways that factors in the college environment can negatively affect the performance and perceptions of self-efficacy of students and faculty. Discusses the problems and needs of a fictional science instructor suddenly confronting students unable to understand basic course concepts and of an older student anxious about returning to school.…

Examines the differences between the expectations of high school teachers and college chemistry instructors concerning students who plan to study college chemistry. Focuses on questions dealing with knowledge of chemical concepts and skills using those concepts. A plan of action is suggested. (YP)

Examines second-grade teachers' responses to students' answers in the questioning phase of reading lessons. Identifies eight response types: the null rejoinder; explicit evaluation; repetition of student's response; elaboration; and combinations of the last three types. Finds negligible differences among teachers' responses to readers of varying…

Cites studies linking teachers' expectations of students to students' performance. Expectations especially affect American Indian students as smallest and poorest of minorities. Defines good teachers as having positive belief systems and practices and offering students cheer and encouragement. Includes suggestions, anecdotal material. (TES)

Reports results of three gender expectations questions added to the Monitoring the Future Project questionnaires of 1977, 1983, and 1989, which were administered to high school seniors nationally. Findings from white rural teens indicate that their gender role expectations were changing but lagged behind social and economic realities. Males held…

This study examined contexts that influenced urban high school physical educators' conceptualizations of realistic student goals, noting how teachers changed curriculum content to handle student noncompliance. Field notes and interviews indicated that teachers substantially changed their programs over time, and many programs exhibited…