ERIC Number: EJ1488570
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2025-Nov
Pages: 15
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0009-3920
EISSN: EISSN-1467-8624
Available Date: 2025-08-19
From Uncertainty to Performance Optimization: Longitudinal Insights into Metacognitive Development
Qianqian Wan1; Olivera Savic1,2; Mengcun Gao1; Robby Ralston1; Allison P. O'Leary3; Vladimir M. Sloutsky1
Child Development, v96 n6 p2097-2111 2025
This longitudinal study investigates metacognitive development in children aged four to six (N = 148; 74 girls; 106 White, 21 multiracial, 17 Black, 3 Asian, 1 Latino; collected in 2017-2019) compared to adults (N = 26, 13 women; collected in 2022). We assessed metacognitive monitoring and control using experimenter-elicited and self-generated responses in decision-making tasks. Children demonstrated reliable task monitoring by age five and performance monitoring by age six, only on self-generated measures. Children's choice patterns were driven by uncertainty until age six, when performance-optimizing patterns emerged. Cross-lagged panel analysis showed early monitoring abilities predicted later control, supporting the monitoring-drives-control theory. These findings illuminate the early metacognitive development trajectory, notably the transition from uncertainty-based to performance-oriented decision-making.
Descriptors: Metacognition, Cognitive Development, Child Development, Preschool Children, Decision Making Skills, Predictor Variables, Performance, Longitudinal Studies
Wiley. Available from: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030. Tel: 800-835-6770; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: https://www.wiley.com/en-us
Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) (DHHS/NIH)
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: R01HD078545; R01HD111458
Data File: URL: https://osf.io/2z8nk/?view_only=bcd104c6b7e348cb810e4f23d35025e1
Author Affiliations: 1The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA; 2Basque Center on Cognition, Brain and Language, San Sebastian, Spain; 3Brevard College, Brevard, North Carolina, USA

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