Three studies were carried out to explore and evaluate alternative methods of meeting the objectives of a bilingual education project. The first study explored children's book usage behaviors and how these behaviors were influenced by the requirement to fill out book reports and a reward reinforcement. It was found (1) that fewer children sampled…

This study compares the differential effectiveness of two experiential approaches, direct and vicarious, to the induction of change in self-reports of attitudes toward personal growth groups. University undergraduate volunteers were assigned and exposed to one of three treatment conditions: 1) a structured, direct experience in a micro-laboratory…

This study was an attempt to build upon the prior work in the area of the diffusion of innovations and innovativeness. Broadly stated, the study attempted to answer the question: What is the relationship between selected characteristics of intact groups and their innovativeness? The sample consisted of six elementary schools in Massachusetts which…

The black community is considered as an economy where the consumption and investment behavior of black families have no significant impact on the growth rate of family income. This is seen to be a problem. The thrust of the argument that follows is that in the absence of a closer relationship between aggregate black family consumption spending,…

Anticipated changes in work requirements for counselors are presented. The Tavistock group relations conference is suggested as one avenue for developing skills in understanding the nature of group behavior and the consequences of the exercise of authority. (Author)

This article examines the interactions which occur during several curricular activities to reveal the role expectations children develop. The ordinary social processes of the classroom through which the academic agenda is accomplished are examined. The meaning children and teachers ascribe to various activities is discussed. (JL)

Analyzes the frequency of preschoolers' (N=250) spontaneous use of "thank you" while playing games with unfamiliar adults or peers. Findings indicate that girls and low socioeconomic status children said "thank you" spontaneously more often than boys and middle socioeconomic status children. Children said "thank you"…

Observed the decision-reaching and leadership behavior of children in same- amd mixed-age triads by coding their verbalizations in arriving at a consensus for their preference ranking of eight pictures. (HOD)

The most important components of social relationships between pupils are described and systemized. Then the scattered and diverse methods for assessing social relationships are described and analyzed. (PN)

Despite the increased use of cigarettes among college students, there is evidence to suggest that anti-smoking norms still predominate among both students and faculty. In order to assess the prejudice against college students who smoke, relative to that associated with membership in other disparaged groups, a sample of 99 college students were…

The group leader must be cognizant of mechanisms which occur in the group and their affect upon group members, and must create a climate which will promote self understanding, growth, and change. (Author)

Members of two types of self-help groups assessed the occurence of various helping processes in their groups. Found self-help groups emphasized supportive and expressive processes while avoiding confrontive processes; and behavioral techniques were used more frequently by behavioral control groups than by stress coping groups. (RC)