Research has indicated that gender constancy and categorization are achieved in childhood and that autonomous sex-role integration occurs during adulthood, well after a secure sense of gender identity is established. To examine developmental sex-role identification, college students rated themselves on a "current" Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and…

The speech of 18 children aged 4;1 to 7;1 during role-playing sessions simulating family, doctor, and classroom situations was analyzed for the use of directives. Six categories of directive formula types were identified, and the use of each of these in each context was examined with a view to determining the child's sense of what directive is…

Children and adults participated in two speech perception experiments in which they listened to recorded consonant-vowel-consonant (CVC) words in random order and resPonded by indicating which number of a word-pair they had heard. Some but not all stimuli that were intended to induce perceptual cross-over were successful in getting subjects to…

Learning characteristics of children with spina bifida (lesions on the spinal cord) are reviewed in the text of a presentation with slides, and the effects of such factors as hospitalization experiences and the presence of hydrocephalus are considered. Characteristics related to intelligence, sensory integration, tactile responsiveness, tactile…

Visual Literacy is a field that encompasses a variety of theoretical constructs and practical considerations relating to communicating with visual signs. The theoretical constructs that influence visual communication primarily fall into two closely interrelated categories: those that relate to the individuals involved in the communication process,…

The variation in conflict and ambiguity among a national sample of directors of school district research and evaluation units is explored. The approach developed argues that variation in evaluation unit directors' role conflict and ambiguity is a function of both school district and evaluation unit characteristics, since both sets of…

VOCAL (Voice Oriented Curriculum Author Language) is designed to facilitate the authoring of computer assisted curricula which incorporate highly interactive audio and text presentations. Lessons written in VOCAL are intended to be patterned after the style of informal classroom lectures. VOCAL contains features that allow the author to specify…

The way the attractiveness of an average female is rated can be significantly changed by exposing the rater to media females, even for very short periods. In one study, subjects were exposed either to a series of advertisements containing female faces or to a control series of average females. Subsequent ratings of a target female's attractiveness…

The factors which influence a speaker's decision to use one categorization for an object as opposed to others that are available are analyzed. The categories that are most used in speech are basic level categories established at the most abstract level at which the category members: (1) share a number of physical and functional attributes, (2)…

This study explores the reason why very young infants are unable to respond differentially to faces and the cause for developmental changes in infant face perception by age 3 months. Linear systems analysis (LSA) and the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) were used to estimate the facial pattern information available to 1- and 3-month-old…

Preferential looking behavior to stimuli varying in temporal frequency was examined in 11 prematurely born, Black and Hispanic infants when they were between 37 and 39 weeks of postconceptional age. Infants were tested one hour after they had fed on two successive days. Infants were unswaddled during testing on the first day, and swaddled during…

The appropriateness of the supervisory model used in consulting is considered. Consulting as an activity is a social relationship between the "consultant" (faculty staff) and the "consultee" (teacher). Often the consultant employs the same verbal strategies used by a teacher's supervisors. The difficulties this creates in the personal interaction…

After acquiescing to a small initial request, people typically are more susceptible to a later call for assistance. This foot-in-the-door phenomenon was examined based on principles of social reinforcement. In Experiment 1, subjects induced to perform the same initial prosocial behaviors were found to be differentially susceptible to a later…

THE OBJECT OF THIS THESIS WAS TO ESTABLISH A RELATIONSHIP WHICH WOULD SHOW INDICATIONS OF TEACHER SATISFACTION TO BE DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL TO ACCURATE INTERPRETATION, OR COGNITION, OF NORMS AND EXPECTATIONS HELD BY PUBLIC SCHOOL OFFICIALS. DATA WERE DRAWN FROM A LARGER STUDY DONE BY BIDDLE AND ASSOCIATES IN 1961. IN A TEST SAMPLE OF 68 TEACHERS, A…

THIS DOCUMENT COMPRISES 2 HEARING ABILITY TESTS FOR 3- TO 8-YEAR-OLD CHILDREN. THEIR ADMINISTRATION REQUIRES A SPEECH AUDIOMETER. TEST NORMS WERE ESTABLISHED FOR RECORDED MATERIALS IN A SOUND FIELD. BOTH TESTS USE COLORED PICTURE CARDS, AND IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE CHILD BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY ALL ITEMS SHOWN. THE THRESHOLD BY IDENTIFICATION OF…