The effect of grammatical phonological rules (those in English) and nongrammatical (those in other languages) on the learning and reproduction of morpheme-length utterances and the role of maturation on this effect were examined. Children preschool through second grade were the subjects. There were no significant differences at any grade level…

Design of a training process for developing cultural self-awareness--awareness of the cultural nature of one's own cognitions--is described. Spontaneous interactions of Americans with foreigners in simulated on-the-job encounters are video-taped. Different behavioral manifestations of particular cognitions and their relation to American cultural…

The fundamental physical concepts needed in any appreciation of acoustical problems are discussed by a scientist and an architect. The major areas of interest are--(1) the nature of sound, (2) the behavior of sound in rooms, (3) the design of rooms for speech, (4) the design of rooms for music, (5) the design of studios, (6) the design of high…

Today's youth is demanding to be heard in a way that few other youth generations have before. The experts try to explain this phenomenon and in general, their explanations are the same, a put down of our youth. Some of the general societal forces which have led to this situation deserve some mention: (1) the extension of adolescence, yet during…

A system for classifying perceptual-motor tasks was devised for the purpose of distinguishing the kinds of training strategy appropriate for each task. A rationale is presented and various task elements are delineated in terms of cue functions, image or mediational functions, and movement tendency. The defined task elements were used in…

A questionnaire was administered to student teachers, supervising teachers, principals, and college supervisors to ascertain functions which were actually performed and those most desired by the respondents with regard to the role of the college supervisor. The respondents were participating in student teaching experiences in the state of Georgia…

There are at least four reasons why the stereotype of Henry David Thoreau as an ascetic and a stoic have been perpetuated: (1) Emerson, in his eulogy of Thoreau, emphasized these qualities by saying, "Few lives contain so many renunciations...he ate no flesh, he drank no wine, he never knew the use of tobacco; and, though a naturalist, he…

Kenya and Ghana provide interesting case studies of the theory that women who have access to roles other than mother and whose status does not depend largely or solely on the number of children they bear will have fewer children. Kenyan and Ghanaian women have among the highest desired and actual fertility in the world. They also, relatively…

This study was designed to extend discussion of fear of success beyond the college population, using Horner's original coding scheme to examine the thematic imagery of TAT stories told by a cross-section of the public during a survey interview. The data collected from this sample of the general public contrasted in several ways with data gathered…

Thirty-two children each in grades 1-5 participated in an experiment designed to replicate and extend a study by Flavell and associates (1972) which hypothesized that "memorizing and perceiving are functionally undifferentiated for the young child, with deliberate memorization only gradually emerging as a separate and distinctive form of cognitive…

The purpose of this study was first to map the functional communication structure of a 142-member formal organization, then to analyze that structure to identify work groups (Cliques) and interlinking liaison role persons, and finally to describe certain differences between liaison persons and nonliaison members of the work groups as perceived by…

This report defines spatial ability operationally (consisting of three components) and reviews possible sex differences in this ability as reported in the literature. The relationship between mathematical ability and spatial ability is discussed. Researchable hypotheses about how differential spatial ability may effect mathematics achievement are…

The existing research in the area of sex-role stereotypes has emphasized the presence of clearly delineated and relatively rigid roles. However, since each personality trait can be found in varying amounts in both of the sexes, one might think that the current norms of sex-role stereotypes are unduly limited. In the socialization process, all…

This monograph discusses the preparation, training, and future of the paraprofessional counselor and tries to assist the reader in developing an informed judgment as to the potential use of the paraprofessional--now and in the future. Important issues and problems of the paraprofessional are identified through research studies and existing…

This study was concerned with the effect of situational frequency manipulations on subsequent discrimination learning. The subjects were 104 fourth-grade children attending two elementary schools located in middle-class residential areas. Twenty-six subjects were randomly assigned to each of two picture conditions. The other 52 subjects were…