Claims that writing theorist James Britton is unsuccessful at linking (and restricting) writing in the "spectator role" to the forming of "verbal objects." Argues for a broader view of the spectator role. (MS)

Replies to Gareth Morgan's critique ("Administrative Science Quarterly," 28) on the use of tropes and metaphors in administrative theory and research. (JW)

This article focuses on two types of herogenousness of grammatical structures in French. The first type concerns all of the sectors of the French grammatical system that have given place during their history to fluctuations in the usage and about which "remarquers" and grammarians multiplied their opinions and prescriptions. It is…

This article deals with denominal adjectives, also referred to by linguists as pseudo-adjectives or non-predicating adjectives. These adjectives are seldom used predicatively. This article explores the mechanism of this syntactical constraint. Examples of non-predicating adjectives that do not respect this syntactic constraint are analyzed. It is…

The word "like" has acquired some newly grammaticalized uses, notably those of a discourse marker and a quotative complementizer. Although these uses have been highly stigmatized by normativist grammarians, they nevertheless occur with high frequency in naturally-occurring discourse and have attracted the attention of several studies. This article…

The author reviews tri-ad language models and suggests that they are not sufficient in describing language use. He introduces a six component language model adopted from the model originally intended for persuasive oratory. (MS)

Discusses the encroachment of English into the German language. (EKN)

Compares the "Oxford American Dictionary" with the "American Heritage Dictionary." Examines the dictionaries' differences in philosophies of language, introductory essays, and usage notes. Concludes that the "Oxford American Dictionary" is too conservative, paternalistic, and dogmatic for the 1980s. (DMM)

Presents a humorous review of educational jargon. (RL)

Discusses the interpretation and application of contract language. Gives attention to the arbitrator's handling of ambiguity, intent, past practice, and prior record. (Author/IRT)

Provides definitions and sample citations for eight new English words and expressions. Journal availability: see FL 512 512. (AM)

Provides an overview of early work on the translation of sacred texts into various languages. Reviews the language use patterns and practices historically characteristic of different religious traditions, including Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, Judaism, and Quakerism. Describes linguistic effects of missionary activity in several…

States that Christian Morgenstern made a fundamental point of semantics clear by making any absolute faith in words ridiculous. Describes other pieces of Morgenstern's poetry, and examines its implications in semantic terms. Points out that Morgenstern ridiculed the assumption that what is said must be sensible, as if the world must obey human…

Considers how changes in language usage come about and whether such changes can be identified and examined as they occur in a language, focusing on changes in the English language in past centuries and the present day. (MDM)

Examines why cliches persist, discussing the evolution of rhetoric, rhetoric in the primary orality stage, rhetoric in the writing and in the printing stage, and rhetoric in the secondary orality stage. Concludes that cliches perform a useful rhetorical task. (SR)