Tested a two-step infant preventive intervention model. Subjects were 147 multiproblem mothers and their infants. Data partially supported the model. Additional analyses explored factors associated with individual differences in delivery of services and response to treatment. (RH)

Social competence emerges mainly from experience in close relationships. Experience in both vertical and horizontal relationships is necessary for optimum growth. These two types of relationships serve different functions in children's development and emerge at different times; their quality affects them in enduring ways. (Author/BJV)

Findings provide tentative support for the hypothesis that strategy information derived from enactive interviews is more predictive of children's behavior in peer situations than is information derived from the verbal interview method. This suggests that preschool children automatically access cognitive scripts for behavior in social interactions.…

Results support the prediction that mothers of high social status children and mothers of low social status children would show behavior and social knowledge differences comparable with those reported in the literature. Findings are considered consistent with the hypothesis that children may partly acquire social skills from their mothers. (RH)

State officers of secondary Distributive Education Clubs of America (n=142) expressed a high degree of satisfaction with the benefits of participation. Personal and professional development opportunities were experienced in the areas of leadership development, vocational understanding, civic consciousness, and social intelligence. (SK)

The five major characteristics of emotional disturbance identified in Public Law 94-142 are used as the framework for a review of research on childhood depression. Among characteristic behaviors are poor school performance, negative feelings about self that are reflected in difficulty with interpersonal relationships, and sleep disturbances. (JW)

A technique used in college instruction to improve the contribution of individual members to a small working group of students is described. The approach addresses two common problems: (1) resolution of conflicts and (2) dealing with nonperforming group members. Students interview prospective partners and form their own groups, then report on the…

Offers a new approach to evaluating reference librarians, as well as a new standard of evaluation based on a study of exemplary reference librarians that was conducted via electronic networks. Characteristics of exemplary reference librarians relating to attitude, professional skills, and interpersonal skills are described. (Contains 28…

Conceptualizes the counseling process and its outcome by comparing it metaphorically to Freud's psychosexual stage conception of personality development. Focuses on resemblances between oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital stages. New meanings can be drawn from these resemblances, leading to fresh insight into the counseling relationship.…

This paper discusses different formats of peer tutoring, focusing on uses of peer tutoring with students with behavior disorders. While cross-age, small group, one-to-one, classwide, and reverse-role peer tutoring have all been found to produce social and academic benefits, none appears to benefit students' self-esteem. (Author/PB)

Teachers in a mainstream elementary school setting initiated a program called "Circle of Friends," to provide support for a student with deafness and behavior problems and for other students having difficulty making friends. Learning activities involved interpreting the term "friend," helping students get to know each other, celebrating their…

Examination of 53 children with autism supported the validity of the subtypes "aloof" and "active-but-odd" as predictors of behavior across language/communication, reciprocal social interaction, and stereotyped behavior/restricted interest domains. Partial support for an intermediate, "passive" subtype was garnered. (Author/JDD)

A study of 46 male and 10 female experienced pharmacists and 44 male and 84 female fifth-year pharmacy students found that, in counseling patients about side effects of a drug, practitioners and students identified as having androgynous sex-role identification or engaged in same-sex counseling were more comfortable than others. (Author/MSE)

Twenty-four socially rejected children were coached on the importance of displaying behaviors known to be used by peers in making inferences of liking and then were encouraged to communicate these behaviors toward selected friendship targets within their own classroom groups. Significant treatment-related improvements were found in these…

A review of literature on sensitivity as an affective characteristic of gifted persons is presented. A multifaceted approach to sensitivity is proposed, conceptualizing it as consisting of cognitive and affective dimensions of both interpersonal and intrapersonal sensitivity. The psychological concepts of self-awareness, perspective taking,…