Examines the interpersonal attitudes of new and veteran sixth through ninth graders at an urban school in Israel. The more affluent newcomers have more self-esteem than the veterans. Finds little if any positive effect in this instance of social integration, because school life mirrors the stratification of society. (DM)

Tested infants' latency in turning toward stimulus patterns and the duration of their initial fixation. Results showed that "turning latency" fell in a linear manner from 36 to 120 weeks after conception. Fixation time fell abruptly at 53 weeks. Preterm and full-term infants showed the same developmental trends. (BC)

According to a study of 20 outstanding principals, administrators valued as instructional leaders value their role as staff developers, view their key function as facilitator, and are driven by a clear vision for the school. These principals view themselves as role models for continual growth, are self-assured, and open to change. (eight…

Examined spousal division of work inside and outside family home in couples (N=43) and cognitions men attach to their work and family roles. Found men's provider-role attitudes were related to their family work involvement. Found congruence of role beliefs and role behavior within home related to higher levels of marital satisfaction for men.…

Notes that mediation as problem-solving intervention in social work became widely used in child custody and divorce cases, child-parent conflicts, and family disputes. Argues that mediator role is inherent in social work, and examines context for and assumptions underlying it. Discusses nature of conflicts, issue of neutrality within social work…

Examined principals' (n=32) and special education teachers' (n=98) perceptions of actual and ideal performance of school social work tasks. Those services seen as provided most frequently were directed toward individuals. Although they wanted those individual services to continue, respondents also wanted more group work services. Study contained…

Sees many adult children of alcoholics identifying themselves in hero role, making it useful tool for uncovering negative behaviors and starting to work toward change. Describes alcoholic home and hero roles of overachiever, controller, and perfectionist. Considers usefulness of individual counseling, group therapy, family therapy, and play…

Two studies exposed children and adults to an illusion created by perceptual adaptation, in which subjects perceived two identical bottles, held simultaneously in a different hand, as being different in weight. Feedback and repeated trials led older children and adults to improve performance in determining correct weights. The role of feedback,…

Communication with staff can be improved if the variability in information processing preferences is accommodated. Communication based on cognitive style can increase the probability of follow-through while reducing misunderstanding and potential conflict. The Jungian definition of cognitive style is most widely used; the Myers Briggs Type…

Comparisons between sibling relationships in industrialized and nonindustrialized societies revealed differences in how siblings are defined, cultural norms regulating sibling role responsibilities, importance of sibling structure variables, sibling caretaking and socialization, relationship between siblings, and range of variation in sibling…

Discusses the images and stereotypes of mathematics and mathematicians among mathematicians, mathematics teachers, and nonmathematicians. Provides examples from literature and the arts, and explains how and why a certain image of mathematics is formed at school. (Contains 27 references.) (MDH)

Examines physician-patient communication as it relates to expectations that patients and physicians hold for themselves and each other. Determines that dimensions of mutual role expectation were physician as humanistic practitioner, physician authority, patient in the sick role, and patient as consumer. Finds that patients had significantly higher…

Examined impact that multiple roles (work/family) had on occupational adjustment and life satisfaction among 50 female health professionals. Results indicated some evidence that, as number of occupational roles increased, life satisfaction scores tended to decrease; however, as number of family roles increased, scores on occupational adjustment…

Focuses on the relationship between loudness and intensity of sounds. (Author/PVD)

Focuses on the concepts of pitch and timbre of sounds. (PVD)