Finds that when subjects have a week to reflect on the research hypothesis, they will attempt to prove the hypothesis. Does not find, however, that increased information yields negative research results. (RL)

Results indicate that elementary school children participating in sports and those not participating cannot be distinguished from one another on the basis of various psychosocial characteristics. (MM)

This paper develops some ideas in Matza's Neutralization Theory into a continuum containing four categories ranging from extreme goodness to rebellion. It was hypothesized that involvement in delinquency would increase progressively across these four categories. (Author/KC)

The ratings of classroom teachers of behaviors which are more prevalent in boys than in girls were compared with regard to their relative effect on teachers' attitudes. The behaviors more prevalent in boys were rated as significantly more disturbing to teachers. The findings are discussed with regard to their implications within an ecological…

Analysis of event-related potentials associated with detected targets in a vigilance task showed that a negative component (N2) covaried in latency with reaction time. These results support the hypothesis that N2 reflects a decision process which controls behavioral responses in sensory discrimination tasks. (BB)

Contends that sex differences in response to various types of humor reveal significant personality characteristics. (MH)

Stressed in the symposium paper are research problems in learning disabilities, and proposed are solutions including behavioral definitions of the population under study, the discontinuation of the ex post facto research correlating psychosocial and etiological factors with special education labels, and adherence to basic rules of good research…

In answering responses to his paper on research problems in learning disabilities, the author reiterates his belief that more experimental designs based on observable behaviors are needed. (DB)

Assesses the present status of behaviorism by dividing this study into an evaluation of Behaviorism 1, based explicitly on Pavlov's conception of conditioned-response learning, and Behaviorism 11, single-handedly launched and almost completely dominanted by Professor B. F. Skinner. (Author/RK)

Several methods of constructing confidence intervals for Spearman's rho (rank correlation coefficient) (C. Spearman, 1904) were tested in a Monte Carlo study using 2,000 samples of 3 different sizes. Results support the continued use of Spearman's rho in behavioral research. (SLD)

Explores the possibility of postmodernism as an alternative theoretical approach to public relations. Examines modernist public relations as a hegemonic practice that interpolates practitioners into the system to legitimize the perspectives and actions of corporate managers as objective knowledge. Concludes with suggestions for a postmodern…

This review defines supported employment, presents a rationale for it, describes four types of placement models, outlines supported employment program components, and analyzes effectiveness and populations served. The contributions of applied behavior analysis to supported employment are examined. (JDD)

Proposes an operational definition of aspiration as any goal toward which an individual invests time, effort, or money; this definition focuses on the dynamics of personal choice, retains the field theory perspective of previous research, suggests new ways of quantifying aspiration levels, and permits comparisons of previously incommensurable…