Study recorded the ongoing verbal and nonverbal behavior of 156 preschool children (M age=51.1 months) as they played, in dyads, during 78 cooperation episodes. The results are discussed in terms of the motivational and organizational role of both transient and enduring affective states during cooperation episodes. (Author/RWB)

Examines the effects of role conflicts and role ambiguities on university department chairpersons who belong to the University Council for Educational Administration. Concludes role ambiguity, especially in the areas of student affairs, departmental governance, faculty affairs, external communications, and professional development, increases job…

Considers impact of print awareness on young children learning to read and developing metalinguistic understandings about written and oral language and literacy. Particularly emphasized are the developmental stages of beginning reading, which are supported by a review of research studies and suggest appropriate program content for initial reading…

Compares differences in parental role perceptions of white middle class four year olds cared for in day care centers and at home. Results revealed significant differences in the peceptions of both mothers and fathers of day care and home care children as well as sex differences among the children. (DST)

Investigated developmental changes in the perceived usefulness of help from the perspective of the person receiving the help. Results indicated a development increase in the perceived usefulness of help across the school-age years. Girls consistently perceived help as being more useful than boys, and girls were generally rated as the most…

A study explored the nature of representational thought in 10 congenitally blind three- to nine-year-olds through interviews during which the subjects defined and described objects and later identified similar objects. Results suggested that blind children should be taught appropriate or systematic methods for tactually obtaining information. (CB)

Describes two studies that demonstrate young children's perception of color materials differs from that of adults in two ways: (1) the stimulus dimensions of hue, chroma, and value appear to result in somewhat more separable perception for young children than for adults, and (2) the perceived similarities the color materials are not the same for…

The relationship between a self-report measure of assertive behavior in children and a role-play measure was examined in 69 elementary school children. Self-report of positive assertion related more closely to role-play measures and expert ratings of assertiveness than did self-report of negative assertion. (Author/LHW)

The authors report on a study to determine the competencies needed by older adults who choose independent living. The study measured perceptions of 150 older adults and 251 home economists in five competency areas. Findings revealed that significant differences were perceived by the two groups in each area. (Author/CH)

This study compared subjects from right-handed families and nonright-handed families in their ability to solve a mental-rotation task when instructed to use one of two different spatial strategies. Results suggested familial nonright-handers may be stronger in transformation of mental images, but weaker in reorientation in relation to left-right…

Analyzes solutions to role ambiguity related to employment stress in terms of managerial and individual behaviors. Considers five categories of stress reduction culled from social learning theory. (Author/ABB)

This article addresses the difficulties associated with identifying and communicating about colors. Specific attention is devoted to the color red as it is symbolized in British and American cultures. Concludes that there is a great deal more to the learning of color than having students learn a vocabulary of color terms and designating correctly…

Discusses a study which sought to determine which form of district-level science coordination is perceived to be most satisfactory by science teachers of British Columbia. Presents survey results which support the need for a science coordinator. (ML)

Analyzed reactions of 30 professionally employed counselors to a role-played, videotaped intake interview with a potential client. The counselors assessed the probability that they would elect to counsel the person and rated both themselves and the client on the Counselor Rating Form (CRF). The trustworthiness dimension had most influence on…

Experiences in the arts can help students develop positive attitudes towards learning. The relationship of language and the arts to the development of perceptual skills is explored. The processes of learning and its application to developing concepts in music and movement are discussed. (DF)