In asking whether certain forms of professionalism are unsuitable for adventure education, the point is made that our professionalism is based on our world view. Compares elemental and city-capitalism world views, and discusses ideal types of professionalism: bureaucratic, vocational (liberational), and relatedness-diversity. Suggests that…

A serious teacher shortage is causing some school leaders to reconsider differentiated staffing within the teaching profession--the idea that individuals with differing levels of expertise and different titles can enhance other staff's effectiveness. Higher salaries and publicly disclosed diplomas and licenses are essential. (MLH)

Modifies and validates a new form of the College and University Classroom Environment Inventory (CUCEI) and uses it to compare students' actual and preferred perceptions of their classroom environments at the senior secondary and tertiary education levels. Examines differences in perceptions according to student gender. (Contains 50 references.)…

Studied the effects of 120 hours of chess instruction on the mathematics achievement of southern, rural, black secondary students. Analysis of covariance results show the treatment group (11 females, 9 males) scored significantly higher than the control group (10 females, 10 males) in mathematics achievement. Discusses results in terms of altering…

A study examined memory for pictures and words in 16 adults with mental retardation and 24 controls. Pictorial superiority effects occurred in free recall and recognition for both intelligence-level groups. Correlational analyses indicated working memory span was primarily related to recall performance, irrespective of stimulus format. (Contains…

The short-term verbal memory performance of 19 children and young adults with Down syndrome (DS) was contrasted with that of two control groups. Results confirm the expected verbal short-term memory deficit in DS subjects and suggest that this deficit is specific to memory for verbal information and is not primarily caused by auditory or…

Investigated 7-month olds' ability to relate vowel sounds with objects when intersensory redundancy was present versus absent. Found that infants detected a mismatch in the vowel-object pairs in the moving-synchronous condition but not in the still or moving-asynchronous condition, demonstrating that temporal synchrony between vocalizations and…

Two experiments examined the effects of a culture-general factor, pattern redundancy, on the discrimination of five-tone melodies that differed in their adherence to Western tonal conventions, among 9-month olds, 5-year olds, and adults. Increasing exposure seemed to attenuate the effects of the pattern redundancy while amplifying the influence of…

Offers a cognitive perspective on the comprehension problems of second language listeners by identifying real-time listening difficulties faced by English-as-Second-Language learners and examining these difficulties within the three-phase model of language comprehension proposed by Anderson (1995). Shows ten problems that occurred during the…

This review of sensory integration (SI) intervention with children who have language disorders discusses research which both supports and fails to support SI constructs and efficacy. Sections cover theory and principles of SI, assessment of sensory integrative dysfunction, SI therapy, and implications for language learning and academic success.…

A study investigated whether 32 adolescents with reading disabilities (RD) were slower at processing visual information compared to children of comparable age and reading level, or whether their deficit was specific to the written word. Adolescents with RD demonstrated difficulties in processing rapidly presented verbal and nonverbal visual…

Tested in two studies 4- to 7-year-olds' face recognition by manipulating the faces' configural and featural information. Found that even with only a single 5-second exposure, most children could use configural and featural cues to make identity judgments. Repeated exposure and feedback improved others' performance. Even proficient memories were…

Attempts to evaluate which of the content areas provide a more optimum learning experience, ecology/natural science topics or awareness of environmental problems/issues. Identifies knowledge retention and attitude change as the indicator variables of a program. (Contains 29 references.) (Author/YDS)

States that by considering necks in a literal sense it may be possible to envision new metaphors for understanding minds, bodies, and ways of knowing. Discusses necks as important signs for such ideas as beauty or fragility. Focuses on views of epistemology, such as the disembodied way of knowing. (CMK)

States that isolation of small portions of life can result in revelation, the power of metaphor occurs when connections are viewed and meaning is derived from the whole, and at times the question of meaning has been translated into a search for order. (CMK)