The principal's main role must be that of a change agent who is attempting to improve instruction by improving teaching, and the best way to improve teaching is to change teacher behavior. This improvement is possible only through changes in the instructional pattern of the teacher. Some methods of procedure and discussion of leadership patterns…

Based on previous research findings and original data from school children in grades 3-6, this study examines children's perceptions of reality in television as an intervening variable between exposure to the medium and the effect of television messages. The specific focus of the current research was to isolate and identify factors which have…

This study examines the development of communication and social inference in terms of the child's immediate social environment, the child's role systems, and the standards of interpersonal relationships. Middle-class mothers and fathers of first, third, and fifth graders were asked what they say to their children in several common situations in…

Analogous auditory and visual central-incidental learning tasks were administered to 24 students from each of the second, fourth, and sixth grades. The visual tasks served as another modification of Hagen's central-incidental learning paradigm, with the interpretation that focal attention processes continue to develop until the age of 12 or 13…

Two cartoon strips were the vehicle for surveying perceptions of power use in everyday situations. A stratified cross-sectional sample of 430 adults in Los Angeles were interviewed. Their task was to choose a behavior, illustrated by a cartoon panel, most likely to be employed by a policeman in one instance and a nurse in another to secure…

This project investigated attitudes of entering freshmen college women in an attempt to learn whether traditional sex-role ideologies were still predominant, and what the career and educational aspiration levels of these young women were. The variables most concerning the authors were career salience, educational and career aspirations, opinions…

This study was designed to determine the communication characteristics which group members perceive as constituting the amount of influence of a designated leader, the communication characteristics which designated leaders perceive as consituting their own amount of influence, and the degree of similarity between the leader's and others'…

A research project investigated the extent to which children's visual awareness and visual literacy were developed through photography. Thirty-four elementary school students were provided with Polaroid "Big Swinger" cameras; they were given one roll of film per day for eight weeks and allowed to photograph whatever they liked. After…

A sample of 82 engineers and 82 supervisors rated the importance of 10 job performance criteria in relation to the successful performance of the engineer's job. Supervisors also rated the engineer's performance on each of the 10 specific criteria and two global measures. The ratings were intercorrelated and factor analyzed; the extracted factors…

This handbook is designed as an aid to administrative, instructional and pupil personnel staff in understanding and making efficient use of school psychological services. New personnel joining a psychological services staff will find this handbook valuable as it defines the various roles, relationships, and procedures involved in such a position.…

Report examines the relationships between the power exercised by an organization, commitment to the organization, and task performance, using the theory of compliance proposed by Etzioni for the following hypotheses: (1) Organizations relying mostly on normative power tend to elicit more commitment from lower participants than do organizations…

This monograph is primarily for faculty members and administrators in colleges and universities, as well as intern directors in noneducational institutions to assist them in formulating judgments about the design and implementation of internship programs. The paper focuses on the objectives of internship programs, role allocation, and issues and…

The interpersonal values and role perceptions of a stratified random sample of vocational education teachers with less than one year's experience and their administrators were studied in Missouri. Data gathered through the use of three self-administered, mailed instruments were from teachers representing three groups who had (1) a baccalaureate…

A simple device called a "wire labyrinth" was used in an experiment involving learning of a two-hand motor task. The Ss were asked, after completing each of 7 successive trails, to give their estimates of perceived (subjective) difficulty of the task. For this purpose, the psychophysical method of magnitude estimation was used. Time was…

J. B. Rotter's internal-external scale has been widely used as a measure of the degree to which an individual believes he can control the outcome of events. When a revised form of the Rotter scale was subjected to factor analysis, with Rotter's 29 forced-choice items presented as 58 statements to be evaluated along semantic differential scales,…