This study examined expectations, with respect to the role of the special education administrator, held by key administrative personnel within West Virginia's rural school systems. Surveys were sent to all county superintendents, all county special education administrators, and a randomly selected sample of 150 school principals, resulting in 202…

This paper examines how temporal and spatial observation variables can drastically alter a visitor's comprehension of the phenomena depicted by a museum exhibit. The focus is on a tornado exhibit at the Exploratorium, a museum of science and human perception in San Francisco (California). Videotaped recordings of 10 children interacting with the…

This report documents research and development performed under the sponsorship of the Cognitive and Neural Sciences Division of the Office of Naval Research in fiscal year 1991. It provides abstracts (title, principal investigator, project code, objective, approach, progress, and related reports) of projects of three program divisions (cognitive…

Research and development efforts carried out under sponsorship of the Cognitive and Neural Sciences Division of the Office of Naval Research during fiscal year 1990 are described in this compilation of project description summaries. The Division's research is organized in three types of programs: (1) Cognitive Science (the human learner--cognitive…

The problems which emerge in a critical assessment of social perception research reflect limitations at both the theoretical and implementational levels. Traditionally, social perception research has focused on conscious, cognitive, and linguistic processes in studying the perception of psychological qualities of people. Such a focus leaves…

Although academic achievement and self-concept of academic ability (SCAA) have a reciprocal relationship, studies on the directionality of the relationship are inconclusive. To investigate this relationship in an entire grade cohort in a small city high school, 429 students in grades 9 and 12 were administered a modified version of Brookover's…

Previous research has found that sympathetic arousal will cue information stored in memory with a similar level of arousal. To investigate the effect of arousal on the interpretation of other people's emotions, three studies were conducted. In the first study, 37 adult tennis players, who were either about to play tennis or who had just played,…

Previous research by W. Cross (1980) concluded that blacks have a multifaceted reference group orientation which utilizes both black and white anchor points dependent upon situational cues. To further delineate the relationship between the group and self identity and to determine if the relationship between these constructs differs for black male…

This study directly tested the hypothesis that intrinsic motivation is conducive to creativity and extrinsic motivation is detrimental. Chosen because they identified themselves as actively involved in creative writing, 72 young adults participated in individual laboratory sessions where they were asked to write two brief poems. Before writing the…

Recognition of gender as a significant factor in the social parameters of language is a very recent phenomonon. The external aspects of language as they relate to sexism have social and political ramifications. Using Peirce's definition of sign, which encompasses the representation, the object, and its interpretation, sexually stereotypic language…

The organization of behavioral episodes can be described at two levels: the physical level of movement and sound and the phenomenal level of action. Social perception theory and research generally operates at a phenomenal level of behavioral description. Movement and sound traditionally have been considered inadequately structured to provide much…

A study sought to determine whether use of the forced compliance paradigm could be used in teacher education classrooms to influence teachers' tendency to perpetuate sex role stereotypes. Two hundred college students were randomly placed in 1 of 3 experimental groups. All students completed the Attitudes Towards Women Scale as a pretest, posttest,…

This article, written for psychologists, educators, and allied health professionals, is both a review of the "Handbook of Human Intelligence" Robert S. Sternberg, editor, and an essay in response to it. Following a note on the contributions made to the field of cognitive psychology by Sternberg and the Handbook, chapters of the book,…

Stress and its influence upon physiological and emotional functioning has been well documented in research literature. In order to extend this research to study the relationship between accumulated life stress, symptoms, and coping responses, 202 college graduates and undergraduates, (144 females and 58 males) responded to three self-report…

Students attending predominantly white colleges are more likely than those attending black colleges to see competition with other students and inadequate high school preparation as sources of academic difficulties. (Author/AM)