A technique for detecting and studying item (or test) x group interactions independent of differences in level or dispersion of the groups is described. It involves construction of a scatter plot with two groups represented, one on each axis. Each point in the scatter plot represents the coordinates of a measure of a characteristic for one group…

Anthropology can make two major and complimentary contributions to the process of education: 1) provide basic concepts and methods which are uniquely able to help public school students understand the specialized, abstract, complex nature of their urban environment; and 2) apply concepts and methods through research in schools to identify and…

By concentrating on individuals' general approaches toward education, their attitudes concerning different aspects of education, and their motivation for education, we have constructed an "index of educational values." This index appeared to reflect very differently individuals' educational orientations as compared, simply, to the level…

A COMPARISON OF AN ENGLISH LANGUAGE READING COMPREHENSION TEST WITH ITS TURKISH TRANSLATION AND RETRANSLATION WAS CONDUCTED. THE INSTRUMENTS CONSISTED OF TWO PARALLEL FORMS OF A READING TEST OF COLLEGE ENTRANCE LEVEL. THEY WERE TRANSLATED INTO TURKISH, AND THEN RETRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH. SUPPLEMENTARY MEASURES WERE ALSO EMPLOYED. THE SAMPLE…

Attempts to demonstrate that there is a "cultural communicative style" operating in the issuance of directives that is distinct for different cultures. Emphasis is placed on investigation of children's strategies in their total communicative behavior, both linguistic and nonlinguistic. (EJS)

Outlines an orientation program for immigrant children in the Scarborourgh School System in Ontario, Canada. The program is designed to provide these students with a systematic introduction to schooling during the period of transition to the new culture. (CFM)

A sleep questionnaire was administered to 80 Mexican American and 80 Anglo elderly, ages 60 to 96. The Mexican American sample reported poorer quality and longer latency of sleep, greater negative affect concerning dreams, longer sleep duration, less dream recall, more regular sleep, and more positive valence towards sleep. (JHZ)

Differentiates between the cultural environments of graduating engineering students in Nigeria and North America. Describes the existing curriculum of a bachelor of engineering student in Nigeria. Introduces a proposed curriculum for engineering education in Nigeria which would include a fifth year internship program. (TW)

Discusses the history of westernization from a global perspective. Analyzes the reasons for perceived Western "superiority," how these reasons contributed to the buildup of western power, and its attractiveness to non-Western cultures. Indicates the necessity for a trans-national, culturally non-specific view of history to meet this age…

Testing of university students for sexism toward women at the beginning and end of an introductory gender studies course revealed that sexism levels among all students were significantly lower at the end of the course; controls showed no pre/post differences. Group cohort, and other variables that contributed to sexism levels, are discussed.…

The impressively high factor congruence coefficients observed in cross-cultural studies with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) cannot be taken as sufficient evidence for the "similarity" or "essential identity" of these factors in the cultures concerned. Cross-cultural comparisons of factor scores on the EPQ are…

Samples of 36 Indonesian and 36 American children were observed. Indonesian children tended to play in mixed age groups. Children in both cultures tended to interact in same-sex groups. Research supported Hartup's hypothesized symmetrical-asymmetrical nature of same- and mixed-age social interaction. (Author/BJV)

Examines misclassification of Native Canadian students' abilities with standardized intelligence test results. Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (particularly verbal scale) results often reflect extent of acculturation, not personal capabilities. Paper indicates areas of needed research to find more appropriate ways of assessing…

Suggestions and materials are presented to help analyze the messages about human diversity delivered to young children in day care centers through books, materials, and the environment. Ideas for staff meetings, a newsletter handout for parents, and a book and materials checklist are provided. (BB)

European and American students at the University of Bergen, Norway, were found to be more integratively motivated to learn Norwegian than Middle Eastern, African, and Asian students, who were found to be more instrumentally motivated. A weak positive correlation between integrative motivation and language proficiency and a negative correlation…