An analysis of the differences in the degree of retirement satisfaction was made, with respect to place of residence, perception of mental health and perception of physical health. The sample size consisted of 744 retired individuals who were part of a state-wide probability sample of 1133 residents of the state of Wyoming, age 60 and over. As…

Contemporary women continue to choose the role of motherhood, but questions remain about women's attitudes toward the timing of parenthood, the perceived effect of parenthood on the marital relationship, the perceived effect of parenthood on males as well as females, and the perceived contribution of children to the relationship. A sample of…

This paper presents the findings of research that examined the effects of racism on the social reality perceptions and childrearing patterns of black mothers. The study focused on the following questions: (1) how do black mothers perceive racism? (2) how do their perceptions of racism correlate with their "blame orientations?" and (3)…

Women who are able to acknowledge their distinctive perceptions and to relate them to their lives are the ones most likely to expose the oppressiveness of a power-driven society. Nathaniel Hawthorne's fictional character, Hester Prynne ("The Scarlet Letter") illustrates a crucial theme: a woman's faculty for critical awareness and her ability to…

An experiment was conducted in which perceptions of an individual responding to an initial disclosure were examined. Observer subjects (N=315) read a brief description of a first encounter between two women. During the meeting one of the women made either an intimate or a non-intimate disclosure (low vs. high initial intimacy). The other woman…

A survey was conducted of students in 77 of the 144 two-year foodservice management programs in the United States to assess their knowledge of and attitudes toward fast food restaurant management as compared to full service restaurant management. A total of 1,403 students from 44 programs responded. Results indicated that the food service…

Purposes of this study are to determine the effects of (1) preassessed dimensional salience upon performance in a bi-dimensional matching task, and (2) pretraining conditions expected to facilitate bi-dimensional processing. An additional aim was to elucidate a model of development involving changing salience hierarchies by comparing the effects…

The Health Systems Agencies created to plan and coordinate the development of health care systems in 205 health service areas across the states have a need to be legitimized and operationalized in community contexts in order to achieve their purpose. Community psychologists have both research and consultation roles to play in contributing to…

Papers from a forum sponsored by the Association for Institutional Research address the role problems of institutional researchers and the special position of institutional research in institutions of higher education and the issues that lead to conflict between institutional research, data gathering activities, and the faculty. In "Dilemmas in…

Eleven students out of 94 selected a hexagonal container as larger than a triangular container having the same surface area, although the capacity of the former was 50% greater than the latter. When presented with hexagons and triangles of the same perimeter but different areas, 40 students selected the hexagon as the larger area. When the…

This model is for use by State education agencies, local school districts or individual school staffs. It is designed to assess the degree of understanding and awareness of school board members, staff and students in how and why role stereotyping occurs, and how to go about reducing role stereotyping in the school environment. Compiled of…

After training and a pilot test, 19 groups throughout the United States composed of a total of 187 monitors--predominantly women--were evaluated on the basis of sex role criteria programs telecast on the three commercial television networks during a 12-week period from November 1975 through February 1976. Results indicated that the 1975-76…

This study examines the effects of reading materials on children's gender stereotypes toward adult occupations. The study sample consisted of 355 first-, third- and fifth-grade middle class children randomized into 3 groups which received 10 stories each. One group received sex-role-reversed occupational stories, another sex-stereotyped stories,…

The use of ratings of children by judges is pervasive in the area of father absence research. The interpretation of such ratings, though, is not always straightforward. The possibility that teacher ratings of children may indicate a stereotype on the part of teachers was investigated by showing 30 teachers a videotape that focused on the social…

Examined were causal attributions for women and men and sports participation. In accord with previous academic research, athletes of both sexes were expected to attribute successes more to their abilities and efforts and failures to lack of effort, as compared to a group of non-athletes. Also examined was the differential use of team and…