A study of the utility of occupational situs categories in educational research that investigated relationships between occupational status, family learning environments, and children's academic achievement revealed that the type of family learning environment is related to parents' occupational status and to the meaning that persons attach to…

Factors most likely to predict teenage smoking are defined, based on a study of 6th through 12th grade students. The importance of social factors--the number of best friends who smoke, whether parents and siblings smoke--is stressed. (PP)

Applied behavioral analysis in education is expanding rapidly. This article describes the dimensions of applied behavior analysis and the contributions this technology offers teachers in the area of systematic applications, direct and daily measurement, and experimental methodology. (CJ)

Student attendance at help sessions before an examination indicated by attitudinal and behavioral data that those most likely to seek academic help had performed poorly in the past, attributed their performance to remediable factors and received information about session usefulness. Ability, effort and external attribution significance are…

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised Verbal, Performance, and Full Scale IQs for matched-pair subjects were compared, evaluating performance in morning and afternoon testing. No significant differences in mean IQ as a function of time of testing were shown. Greater variability occurred for morning performance on the Verbal and Full…

Perceived time in complex cognitive functions was studied using college students' estimates of time spent taking a test in relation to examination performance. Significant correlations were found between true scores and students' estimated time. Differences in the perception of time were shown to be consistent with theories of attentional…

Teachers' behavior ratings of normal and maladjusted children were factor analyzed to see if the dimensions of child behavior disturbance were invariant across samples. Results indicated that although there were some strong similarities across samples, there was also some uniqueness. (JKS)

The extent of peer pressure in high school and its influences on behavior were examined in accounts from college undergraduates. One-third of both genders identified peer pressure as difficult, being stronger for females. Pressure areas included dating, sexual activity, and drug and alcohol use, but not parent-child relationships. (Author/CM)

A study of fourth-year dental students evaluated the possible relationship between the level of moral reasoning and clinical academic achievement. No correlation was found. One reason may be that the structure of the clinical program precludes autonomous decision making by students. (MSE)

Tested equity theory in a nonthreatening helping situation. College students (N=96) participated in a factorially designed experiment in which a confederate made positive or negative statements about their task. Results confirmed students in an equitable environment demonstrated more helping behavior. Norms of helping may be influential.…

Evening extension classes for adults were observed for the relative effects of course content, cognitive factors, and affective factors on classroom behaviors of adult learners. The analysis indicated that input (course content) and process variables (cognitive and affective) influenced output variables (student behaviors) in complex ways.…

Judith Martin, author of the syndicated "Miss Manners" column, answers teachers' questions about how to handle children who may have little appreciation for mannerly behavior. While Martin insists that manners must be taught at home, her advice can help teachers deal with some difficult classroom situations. (PP)

A modified multitrait-multimethod validation matrix was generated to evaluate the construct validity of the Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS). Results were consistent with the use of RCMAS as a measure of chronic, manifest anxiety levels in children. Large correlations occurred with other trait measures of anxiety. (Author/PN)

Nineteenth century college literary societies changed U.S. higher education by allowing its members freer access to fresh new ideas and information for the practicalities of the world. It falls to the contemporary composition instructor to inform students about the centrality of style in conscious life. (Author/CM)

Describes a study which measured the attitudes, behavior, and thinking with particular reference to religious development of British students between the ages of 11 and 16. Results show that compassionate attitudes to others are not necessarily part of a religious outlook. Implications for moral education are discussed. (RM)